The toxic effect of ethanol on the cerebral cortex and protective effects of omega-3 fatty acids against this neurotoxicity were investigated. Twenty eight male Wistar-albino rats were divided into 4 groups. Rats of the ethanol and ethanol withdrawal groups were treated with ethanol (6 g/kg/day) for 15 days. Animals of the ethanol+omega-3 group received omega-3 fatty acids (400 mg/kg daily) and ethanol. In rats of the ethanol group SOD activity was lower than in animals of the control group. In...

INTRODUCTION: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a prevalent, chronic and progressive retinal degenerative disease characterized by an inflammatory response mediated by activated microglia accumulating in the retina. In this study, we demonstrate the therapeutically effects and the underlying mechanisms of microglial repopulation in the laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) model of exudative AMD.

Opioid addiction is a relapsing disorder marked by uncontrolled drug use and reduced interest in normally rewarding activities. The current study investigated the impact of spontaneous withdrawal from chronic morphine exposure on emotional, motivational and cognitive processes involved in regulating the pursuit and consumption of food rewards in male rats. In Experiment 1, rats experiencing acute morphine withdrawal lost weight and displayed somatic signs of drug dependence. However, hedonically...

CONCLUSIONS: Topiramate is at least as effective and safe as the first-line medication, naltrexone, in reducing heavy alcohol consumption, and superior in reducing some clinical outcomes. Neither rs2832407 nor rs1799971 had effects on topiramate and naltrexone treatments, respectively.