Front Psychol. 2025 Jan 16;15:1497422. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1497422. eCollection 2024.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Existential Fulfillment Scale (EFS) in a Chinese university student sample, emphasizing the cultural fit of the scale.
METHODS: A cohort of 1,600 undergraduate students from six universities in Fujian Province completed questionnaires including the EFS, Meaning of Life Questionnaire (MLQ), Index of Well-Being (IWB), and Self-Depression Scale (SDS). We conducted item analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and assessments of criterion-related validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability.
RESULTS: The Chinese EFS consists of two dimensions-self-acceptance and self-breakthrough-across 14 items, reflecting cultural distinctions from the original model by combining the dimensions of self-actualization and self-transcendence. This revised structure aligns with Chinese cultural perspectives on individual growth, where self-actualization often integrates aspects of self-transcendence. The scale showed positive associations with the MLQ and IWB and a negative association with the SDS, supporting the scale’s criterion-related validity. Internal consistency ranged from 0.87 to 0.97, and test-retest reliability ranged from 0.75 to 0.83.
DISCUSSION: These findings indicate that the Chinese EFS is a reliable tool for assessing existential fulfillment among Chinese university students.
PMID:39886367 | PMC:PMC11781250 | DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1497422
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