Seasonal Affective Disorder

A mood disorder characterized by depression that occurs at the same time every year.
Seasonal affective disorder occurs in climates where there is less sunlight at certain times of the year.
Symptoms include fatigue, depression, hopelessness, and social withdrawal.
Treatment includes light therapy (phototherapy), talk therapy, and medications.

 

Cluster Number:
Wiki Number: PW198
Diagnosis: Seasonal Affective Disorder
US Patients: 1.4% in Florida; 9.9% in Alaska
World Patients: Finland, 9.5%, Ireland, 20%
Sex Ratio:
Age Onset:
Brain Area: retinohypothalamic tract, suprachiasmatic nucleus, retina and pineal gland.
Symptoms: depressed in winter with over-sleeping, over-eating and too little energy, depressed thinking, loss of interest in activities
Progression:
Causes: lack of available natural light
Medications: SSRI’s, Vitamin D, and othrs
Therapies: light therapy, melatonin, ionized air administration and CBT. Due to skin cancer threat, direct sunlight should be avoided. Eat fish.

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4 CURRENT ARTICLES
FROM PUBMED

The world-wide medical research
reports chosen for each diagnosis 

Clicking each title opens the
PubMed article’s summary-abstract.

  • Role of Sleep in Depressive Disorders and the Potential Therapeutic Role of Short-Term Sleep Deprivation and Light Therapy: A Review
    by Wiktoria Bojarska on November 30, 2024

    Depression affects about 280 million people globally and is marked by persistent sadness and impaired daily functioning. Sleep disturbances are prevalent in major depressive disorder, affecting roughly 90% of patients, and are linked to the severity and progression of depression. This review emphasizes the critical role of sleep in depressive disorders and evaluates the alternative treatments bright light therapy and sleep deprivation. Sleep disturbances are not only symptoms but also mediators...

  • Depression and obesity: Focus on factors and mechanistic links
    by Ashley Selman on November 6, 2024

    Major depressive disorder (MDD) is defined as mood disorder causing a persistent loss of interest and despair for two weeks or greater, with related symptoms. Depression can interfere with daily life and can cause those affected to not work, study, eat, sleep, and enjoy previously enjoyed hobbies and life events as they did previously. If untreated, it can become a serious health condition. Depression is multifactorial with a variety of factors influencing the condition. These factors include:...

  • Tolerance of Bupropion SR After Delayed-Onset Urticaria and Angioedema Associated With Bupropion XL
    by Faisal R Elali on October 31, 2024

    Bupropion is an atypical antidepressant indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), seasonal affective disorder (SAD), and smoking cessation. It is also used off-label for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Its mechanism of action includes the selective norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI). The drug is available in immediate-release (IR), sustained-release (SR), and extended-release (XL) formulations. Common side effects are typically mild and...

  • Circadian re-set repairs long-COVID in a prodromal Parkinson's parallel: a case series
    by Gregory L Willis on October 23, 2024

    CONCLUSION: A light presentation protocol was adapted for long-COVID that not only restored sleep in all patients, but also unexpectedly repaired the depression, anxiety, and cognitive changes (brain fog) as well. A robust pattern of recovery commencing 4-5 days after treatment and was maintained for weeks to months without relapse. These preliminary findings represent a novel, minimally invasive approach for managing the most debilitating symptoms of long-COVID, making it an ideal candidate for...