Hypnotics
Hypnotic, or soporific drugs, commonly known as sleeping pills, are a class of psychoactive drugs whose primary function is to induce sleep and for the treatment of insomnia, or for surgical anesthesia. This group is related to sedatives.
Cluster Number:
Wiki Number: PW199-B
Diagnosis: Hypnotics
US Patients: Hypnotics induce sleep, treat insomnia, or as surgical anesthesia. They actually disturb sleep, but 95% are described for insomnia in
World Patients: some countries. Most physicians try to change the environment first with better sleep hygiene, reduction of caffeine, or CBT.
Sex Ratio: When prescribed, they should be used for the shortest time necessary. Prescriptions for sleep disorders, as of 2010, 13.7% were
Age Onset: nonbenzodiazapines and 10.8% were benzodiazepines. The neuro-hormone melatonin also has an hypnotic function.
Brain Area: Benzodiazepines should not be used beyond 2-4 weeks, given intermittently at the lowest doses possible, because they disturb
Symptoms: slow wave sleep and after more use will rebound insomnia. Older adult should only use benzodiazepines if other drugs fail.
Progression: The Wikipedia article gives brief descriptions and critiques of other hypnotics. They should not be used at all with older people or
Causes: those with dementia and have other side effects.
Medications:
Therapies:
Youtube Video: Sedatives, Hypnotics, & Anxiolytics
I could not find a book on Hypnotics on Amazon. Jim Lohr – Compiler
4 CURRENT ARTICLES
FROM PUBMED
The world-wide medical research
reports chosen for each diagnosis
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PubMed article’s summary-abstract.
- Trait responsiveness to verbal suggestions predicts nocebo responding: A meta-analysisby Madeline V Stein on December 21, 2024
CONCLUSION: These results corroborate proposals that trait responsiveness to verbal suggestions confers greater response to nocebos and warrants renewed attention to the role of suggestibility in symptom induction and perception.
- The sedation efficacy of different doses of remimazolam in elderly patients with regional nerve block anaesthesiaby Wan-Jun Yang on December 20, 2024
CONCLUSION: The results indicated that doses of 5-5.5 mg remimazolam are more suitable for sedation in elderly patients, and the loss of consciousness time and depth of sedation differed according to the remimazolam dosage. Doses of 5-5.5 mg remimazolam were associated with adequate levels of sedation in elderly patients and with a decreased risk of complications, whilst haemodynamic fluctuations occurred approximately 12-15 min after the administration of remimazolam.
- Optimizing anesthesia depth to enhance seizure quality during electroconvulsive therapy in major depressive disorderby Haewon Byeon on December 20, 2024
This editorial evaluated the findings of a comprehensive study focused on the effects of anesthesia depth on seizure parameters during electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in patients with major depressive disorder. The study utilized quantitative consciousness and quantitative nociceptive indices for monitoring sedation, hypnosis, and nociceptive responses. The analysis included 193 ECT sessions across 24 patients, revealing significant impacts of anesthesia depth on electroencephalography (EEG)...
- Patient demographics and psychotropic medication prescribing in Australian general practices: pre- and during COVID-19 pandemicby Getiye Dejenu Kibret on December 20, 2024
Introduction Mental health conditions, such as depression, anxiety, and psychological distress in the adult population significantly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the rates of prescribing psychotropic medications in adults during the COVID-19 period have not been well explored. Aim The aim of this study was to examine the association between demographic characteristics and rates of prescribing psychotropic medications to general practice patients during 2018-2022. Methods A...