Depression and its associated factors among health care workers in Saint Paul’s hospital millennium medical college, Ethiopia

PLoS One. 2024 Oct 17;19(10):e0300726. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300726. eCollection 2024.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Depression is a common mental disorder that affects 3.8% of the general population and 24% of healthcare workers globally. Healthcare professionals are more susceptible to depression because they face higher amounts of professional stress in their jobs and academic lives. However, there is limited knowledge regarding health professionals’ level of depression in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors among health professionals, at Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

METHODS: We conducted an institution-based cross-sectional study among 439 randomly selected healthcare workers using interviewer-administered patient health questionnaire-9 from April to May 2023. Ordinal logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of depression. Reported p-values < 0.05 or a 95% Confidence Interval of Odds Ratio excluding one was considered statistically significant.

RESULT: The overall prevalence of depression among healthcare workers was 21.9% (95%CI: 18%, 27.76%). There were reports of mild (35%), moderate (13%) and severe (9%) depression, respectively. Marital status of being single (AOR = 7.78, 95%CI: 1.123, 49.01), history of childhood abuse (AOR = 2.57, 95%CI:1.49, 4.42), history of suicidal attempt (AOR = 2.66, 95%CI:1.25,5.67), having a history of stressful life event (AOR = 1.527, 95%CI: 1.02,2.3), back pain over the past 30 days (AOR = 2, 95%CI: 1.30,3.11), working for more than 8 hours (AOR = 3.03, 95%CI: 1.12,8.24), and having experience of 5-10 year (AOR = 4, 95%CI: 1.05,15.27) and 10-15 years (AOR = 4.24, 95%CI: 1.08,16.58) and poor social support (AOR = 2.09, 95%CI: 1.09,3.99) were statistically associated with increased level of depression.

CONCLUSION: Healthcare professionals’ higher rate of depression was due to the higher workload, childhood abuse, history of stressful life, back pain, and poor social support. Thus, the hospital should give special attention to early screening and treatment for depression for those healthcare workers who have a high workload, childhood abuse, back pain, a history of stressful life and poor social support. Similarly, the Ministry of Health should also design strategies to screen, detect and treat depression among healthcare workers.

PMID:39418266 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0300726