Changes in network centrality of anxiety and depression symptoms associated with childhood trauma among Chinese college students

BMC Psychiatry. 2025 Apr 4;25(1):334. doi: 10.1186/s12888-025-06793-5.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Childhood trauma is strongly linked to anxiety and depression, significantly increasing the risk of negative outcomes in adulthood. This study employed network analysis to investigate the complex interplay of anxiety and depression symptoms among Chinese college students, focusing on identifying the core symptoms most directly affected by childhood trauma and those exerting the greatest influence on others.

METHODS: Data were collected from December 2020 to January 2021 from 2,266 college students at 16 institutions in southwestern and eastern coastal China. Depression, anxiety, and childhood trauma were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-28, respectively. Separate symptom networks were constructed for participants with and without childhood trauma experiences. Central indices were employed to identify the central symptom within each network. The accuracy and stability of the networks were then evaluated. Finally, a network comparison test was used to analyze differences in network properties between the trauma and non-trauma groups.

RESULTS: Loss of Energy and Worry too much were the central symptoms in the non-trauma group, while anhedonia and nervousness were the central symptoms in the trauma group. There was a significant difference in the global strength of the network between the trauma group and the non-trauma group (p_FDR< 0.01), but no significant difference in the distribution of edge weights between the two networks (p_FDR =0.14). Anhedonia, Suicide ideation and Feeling afraid in the trauma group showed increased network centrality compared with the non-trauma group.

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the profound impact of childhood trauma on the central symptoms of anxiety and depression in college students. Further research is warranted to investigate the specific pathways through which these symptoms develop, with the goal of developing targeted interventions for this vulnerable population.

PMID:40186159 | DOI:10.1186/s12888-025-06793-5