Impact of postpartum urinary and anal incontinence on patient-reported quality of life and risk of depressive disorder in women receiving primary and secondary care in the Netherlands: a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open. 2025 Sep 21;15(9):e101517. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-101517. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: To explore how urinary (UI) and anal incontinence (AI) affect various aspects of quality of life (QoL) and the risk of depression 6 months postpartum, using patient-reported...