CONCLUSION: The present findings emphasize the importance of targeting depressive problems in early adolescence to prevent a spiral of different internalizing symptoms from arising later on.

CONCLUSIONS: Nebulized dexmedetomidine is efficacious versus nebulized midazolam but not nebulized ketamine for preprocedural sedation for pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia. Nonetheless, it demonstrated superior results in facilitating parental separation and mask acceptance.

First-generation Latinx immigrant youth from the Northern Triangle (NT; El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras) face unique risks for experiencing stressors across the phases of migration, which could exacerbate their mental health. This study aimed to (a) identify and characterize unique latent profile groups based on response patterns to immigrant minority stress and psychosocial protective factor items and (b) examine the associations of latent profile membership with depression and anxiety...

Domestic dogs display a remarkable diversity of functions, morphologies and cognitive abilities. Using data from 1682 dogs representing 172 breeds, we tested for variation in relative endocranial volume (REV), a proxy for brain size and a basic measure of cognitive ability, in relation to breed function, phylogenetic classification, cranial shape, cooperative behaviour and temperament. Function, body size, phylogenetic clade and cranial shape correlate with REV. Toy dogs, functioning mainly as...