Sedatives
A sedative or tranquilliser is a substance that induces sedation by reducing irritability or excitement. They are CNS depressants and interact with brain activity causing its deceleration. Various kinds of sedatives can be distinguished, but the majority of them affect the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid.
Cluster Number:
Wiki Number: PW199
Diagnosis: Sedative (Tranquilizer)
US Patients: Works by reducing irritability or excitement. It is a Central Nervous System depressant causing brain activities’ deceleration.
World Patients: Most affect the GABA “neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, relaxes by increasing GaBA activity. At higher doses it slurs one’s
Sex Ratio: speech, makes walking staggering, forces poor judgment and slows reflexes. Benzodiazapines can be used as an hypnotic for sleep.
Age Onset: When overused or comined an overdose can cause unconsciousness or death.
Brain Area: (1)an anxiolytic affects anxiety; (2)tranquilizer can refer to anxiolytic or antipsychotic; (3)soporific/sleeping pill mean hypnotics.
Symptoms: The article lists the types of sedatives: barbiturates, benzodiazepines, nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics, orexin antagonists,
Progression: first generation antihistamines, general anesthetics, herbal sedatives, methaqualone and analogues, skeletal muscle relaxants,
Causes: opioids, antidepressants, antipsychotics, and other. 124 individual sedatives are listed to prepare for surgery or other procedures.
Medications: In 2011, about half of US hospital admissions were from overuse of sedatives. Use can worsen psychiatric conditions like dementia,
Therapies: can cause amnesia. Some are dropped in bar-drinks before robberies and for date-rape.
4 CURRENT ARTICLES
FROM PUBMED
The world-wide medical research
reports chosen for each diagnosis
Clicking each title opens the
PubMed article’s summary-abstract.
- Clinical outcomes of paliperidone long-acting injection in patients with schizophrenia: a 1-year retrospective cohort studyby Hsue-Wei Chan on October 16, 2021
CONCLUSIONS: PLAI reduces the incidence of admission and emergency room visits.
- A fatal case of COVID-19-associated acute necrotizing encephalopathyby Dace Ziemele on October 16, 2021
INTRODUCTION: An increasing number of published reports on SARS-CoV-2 neurological manifestations have revealed a wide spectrum of symptoms, diagnostic features, and outcomes. We report a fatal case of a COVID-19-associated acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE).
- Multitarget 2'-hydroxychalcones as potential drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and their comorbiditiesby Fabiola Kamecki on October 15, 2021
The complex nature of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) calls for multidirectional treatment. Restoring neurotransmitter levels by combined inhibition of cholinesterases (ChEs) and monoamine oxidases (MAOs, MAO-A and MAO-B), in conjunction with strategies to counteract amyloid β (Aβ) aggregation, may constitute a therapeutically strong multi-target approach for the treatment of NDDs. Chalcones are a subgroup of flavonoids with a...
- Anti-nociceptive effects of ECa 233 a standardized extract of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban on chronic neuropathic orofacial pain in miceby Ananya Buapratoom on October 14, 2021
CONCLUSION: ECa 233 reduced hyperalgesia and allodynia by modulating the peripheral calcitonin gen-related peptide expression consequently alleviate the nociceptive activity in trigeminal nucleus caudalis. Further clinical trial to proof ECa 233's efficacy in neuropathic pain in man as well as possible attributable mechanism of action should be further investigated.