Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) have diverse functions in skeletal muscles by acting through multiple signaling pathways, including growth regulation and differentiation, anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation. IGFs have anti-inflammatory effects and also play roles in nociceptive pathways, determining pain sensitivity, in addition to their protective role against ischemic injury in both the nervous system and skeletal muscle. In skeletal muscle, IGFs maintain homeostasis, playing key roles in...

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare inherited disorder caused by mutations in the ALPL gene. Mineralization defect in bones and teeth, abnormal respiratory function, seizures, hypotonia, bone pain, and nephrocalcinosis can be observed. Clinical forms are usually recognized based on age at diagnosis and severity of features. We present an infant with an enlarged anterior fontanelle, soft calvarium, fractures, respiratory distress, and seizures. Biochemical analysis showed hypercalcemia, normal serum...

CONCLUSIONS: The potential salutary effects of PA on resting IL-6 erode when sleep is poor, underscoring the importance of considering sleep in conceptual and intervention models of TMD.

Introduction: The treatment of most severe COVID-19 patients included the large-scale use of sedatives and analgesics-possibly in higher doses than usual-which was reported in the literature. The use of drugs that decrease mortality is necessary and opioids are important agents in procedures such as orotracheal intubation. However, these drugs seem to have been overestimated in the COVID-19 pandemic. We performed a review of the PubMed-Medline database to evaluate the use of opioids during this...