Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A disorder in a child marked by defiant and disobedient behavior to authority figures.
The cause of oppositional defiant disorder is unknown but likely involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Symptoms generally begin before a child is eight years old. They include irritable mood, argumentative and defiant behavior, aggression, and vindictiveness that last more than six months and cause significant problems at home or school.
Treatment involves individual and family therapy.

 

Cluster Number:
Wiki Number: PW145
Diagnosis: Oppositional Defiant Disorder
US Patients: 3.3% of children
World Patients:
Sex Ratio: B1.4+;G
Age Onset: Boys before age 8; Girls after puberty
Brain Area: where aggression responds to emotion-provoking stimuli; amygdala, prefrotnal cortex, anterior cingulate and insula
Symptoms: pattern of angry, defiant behaviors in children and adolescents, but usually not aggressive, destructive, deceitful, nor thieves.
Progression: behaviors are usually against an authority figure, a parent or teacher.
Causes: 50+% hereditary; growing up in poverty with exposures to violence; parents coping poorly with neglect or abuse,
Medications: mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and stimulants
Therapies: child-focused problem-solving strategies, self-monitoring skills, parental skills’ training may help.

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