Opioid Use Disorder
Cluster Number:
Wiki Number: PW144
Diagnosis: Opioid Use Disorder
US Patients: About 27 million in 2016
World Patients:
Sex Ratio: M+;F
Age Onset: Young adults
Brain Area: Opioids reduce dopamine in nucleus accumbens. Neuroimaging affects in the orbitofrontal area-reducing reward-behaviors
Symptoms: strong desire to use oioids, tolerance, withdrawal symptoms & living normal lives; most US heroin users began with prescriptions
Progression: Long term use shows dysregulation of brain circuits for emotion, distress and high impulsivity.
Causes:
Medications: opioid replacement threrapy uses methadone or buprenophine and naltrexone; heroin withdrawal symptoms from 2 days-2 weeks
Therapies: CBT; Lohr’s “Calming My Pain!” (DVD or Download from this website) helps to retrain the brain to reduce pain without opioids.
Youtube Video:Here’s Why Opioid Addiction Is So Intense
Amazon or Library Book: Decisions In Recovery:
Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder
Click the text to click or buy from Amazon.
samhsa.gov; 800-662-4357
(U.S. Substance Abuse and Mental Services Administration Help)
4 CURRENT ARTICLES
FROM PUBMED
The world-wide medical research
reports chosen for each diagnosis
Clicking each title opens the
PubMed article’s summary-abstract.
- Associations of discomfort intolerance, discomfort avoidance, and cannabis and alcohol use among persons with chronic pain receiving prescription buprenorphine for opioid use disorderby Danielle F Haley on November 3, 2024
CONCLUSION: Individuals with chronic pain receiving prescribed buprenorphine for treatment of OUD with lower tolerance for physical discomfort may augment pain management with cannabis and alcohol. Given the intersections between substance use and retention in care for OUD, future work should extend this preliminary work by exploring these relationships over time and in experimental settings. Clinical Trial # NCT03698669.
- Palatable feeding effects on expression and reinstatement of morphine conditioned place preference in male and female ratsby Yonca Cam on November 3, 2024
While many environmental factors are known to play a factor in the recovery and risk of relapse for individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD), the role of diet has been relatively unexplored. Individuals with OUD demonstrate unhealthy diet choices with an exaggerated craving for palatable "junk food," yet this relationship has not been well characterized. The present study begins to examine this relationship by first determining the influence of palatable food access on the expression of...
- Prenatal buprenorphine/naloxone exposure and neonatal neurobehavioral functioning: A preliminary reportby Martha L Velez on November 3, 2024
CONCLUSIONS: This report provides preliminary information regarding the neurobehavioral functioning of neonates exposed to buprenorphine/naloxone over the first month of life, including consideration of maternal factors. However, future research with a larger sample and controlling for different neonate and maternal factors is necessary to confirm these preliminary findings.
- Take-home naloxone in multicentre emergency settings: the TIME feasibility cluster RCTby Helen Snooks on November 2, 2024
CONCLUSIONS: This study did not meet progression criteria for intervention or trial methods feasibility, so outcomes were not followed up and a fully powered trial is not planned.