Nicotine Withdrawal
Millions of people know from personal experience that smoking is a tough habit to kick. The reason is that nicotine is addictive. Even though nicotine’s high isn’t as dramatic as cocaine or heroin’s, it’s equally as addictive as those illegal drugs.
And nicotine withdrawal is very real. It’s why so many smokers try many times before they finally quit for good.
Nicotine affects all areas of your body, from your heart and blood vessels to your hormones, metabolism, and brain. When you don’t have it anymore, you go through withdrawal. You’ll physically crave that nicotine hit and become irritable if you can’t have it.
Nicotine withdrawal usually lasts only a month or so, but you could be fighting the mental battle against cigarettes for a long time.
Cluster Number:
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Brain Area: binding to nicotinic receptors in the brain, increasing dopamine; opiate, serotonic, glutamic and other receptors apply in withdrawal
Symptoms: nicotine cravings, irritability, anxiety and difficulty concentrating; symptoms usually disappear after four weeks.
Progression:
Causes: genetics may affect the severity of withdrawal
Medications: several medications can be used
Therapies: increased exercise, avoiding “smoking situations,” avoiding temptations, friend-support
Youtube Video: 72 Hours of Nicotine Withdrawal
Amazon or Library Books:
Easy Way to Quit Smoking
Easy Way to Quit Vaping
Click the book to link or order from Amazon.
Click the book to link or order from Amazon.
4 CURRENT ARTICLES
FROM PUBMED
The world-wide medical research
reports chosen for each diagnosis
Clicking each title opens the
PubMed article’s summary-abstract.
- Evaluating the Role of Nicotine Stereoisomer on Nicotine Pouch Abuse Liability: A Randomized Crossover Trialby Brittney Keller-Hamilton on May 7, 2024
CONCLUSIONS: Participants reported few subjective differences in ONPs according to nicotine stereoisomer, but plasma nicotine concentration was greater for ONPs using more than 99% S-nicotine. ONPs with more than 99% S-nicotine (vs. racemic nicotine) might be better substitutes for cigarettes, but research into other ONP characteristics (eg flavors, freebase nicotine) is needed to inform regulation.
- Efficacy of the QuitSure App for Smoking Cessation in Adult Smokers: Cross-Sectional Web Surveyby Gregory M Goldgof on May 6, 2024
CONCLUSIONS: The nature of web-based surveys and cohort selection allows for extensive unknown biases. However, the efficacy rates of survey respondents who completed the program were high and provide a case for further investigation in the form of randomized controlled trials on the QuitSure tobacco cessation program.
- Development and Psychometric Evaluation of a Novel Measure of Nicotine E-cigarette Withdrawal for use with Adolescents and Young Adultsby Meghan E Morean on May 2, 2024
CONCLUSIONS: The novel retrospective AYA Nicotine E-cigarette Withdrawal Scale (AYA NEWS) evidenced strong psychometric properties for use in this population. Future research can determine whether the AYA NEWS can be used to assess acute e-cigarette nicotine withdrawal.
- N-oleoyl alanine attenuates nicotine reward and spontaneous nicotine withdrawal in miceby Kimberly N Karin on April 27, 2024
CONCLUSIONS: The observation that both molecules showed similar pharmacokinetics argues against the notion that OlAla offers increased metabolic stability. Moreover, while these structurally similar lipids show efficacy in mouse models of reward and dependence, they reduce nicotine reward through distinct mechanisms.