Nicotine Dependence
Nicotine dependence is a state of dependence upon nicotine. Nicotine dependence is a chronic, relapsing disease defined as a compulsive craving to use the drug, despite social consequences, loss of control over drug intake, and emergence of withdrawal symptoms. Tolerance is another component of drug dependence.
Cluster Number:
Wiki Number: PW133
Diagnosis: Nicotine Dependence
US Patients:
World Patients: 976 Million Smokers
Sex Ratio:
Age Onset:
Brain Area: Nicotine stimulates receptors in the adrenal medulla and throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems.
Symptoms: Nicotine stimulates brain areas affecting reward, pleasure and anxiety and induce cravings when not involved.
Progression:
Causes: Several genes are involved in dependency; compulsive craving for nicotine despite knowing consequences;
Medications: There are drugs and patches to reduce responsiveness to nicotine.
Therapies: Evidence-Based Medicine increases quitting by 2-3X.
4 CURRENT ARTICLES
FROM PUBMED
The world-wide medical research
reports chosen for each diagnosis
Clicking each title opens the
PubMed article’s summary-abstract.
- Comparison of Perceptions and Smoking Cessation Experiences Between Smokers With and Without Serious Mental Illness in a Large Health Maintenance Organizationby Jennifer Kertes on October 15, 2021
Smoking prevalence is threefold higher among people with serious mental illness (PWSMI) than in the general population, yet smoking cessation rates for PWSMI are lower. Numerous reasons have been posited as to why tobacco use is higher and abstinence rates are lower among PWSMI. This study explores smoking cessation perceptions and experiences among PWSMI and people without serious mental illness (SMI). Methods: Participants in this cross-sectional study were recruited from among members of a...
- Additive roles of tobacco and cannabis co-use in relation to delay discounting in a sample of heavy drinkersby Steven J Nieto on October 15, 2021
CONCLUSIONS: Delay discounting rates were significantly greater among subgroups reporting cannabis use providing partial support for an additive effect, while also highlighting the importance of co-use substance type. Both tri-use and delay discounting were associated with greater AUD severity, which may provide relevant intervention targets.
- The effects of preoperative alcohol, tobacco, and psychological stress on postoperative complications: a prospective observational studyby Yoshinori Myoga on October 14, 2021
CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative psychological stress, as evaluated with the 6-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, is associated with the risk of postoperative complications.
- Association of Nicotine Use Disorder with Neurexin 3 Gene Polymorphismsby Gülcan Güleç on October 14, 2021
CONCLUSION: This is first study investigating the relationship of the NRXN3 gene and nicotine addiction in the Turkish population. It was observed that the risk of NUD in the Turkish population may be related to the Neurexin gene.