Nicotine Dependence
Nicotine dependence is a state of dependence upon nicotine. Nicotine dependence is a chronic, relapsing disease defined as a compulsive craving to use the drug, despite social consequences, loss of control over drug intake, and emergence of withdrawal symptoms. Tolerance is another component of drug dependence.
Cluster Number:
Wiki Number: PW133
Diagnosis: Nicotine Dependence
US Patients:
World Patients: 976 Million Smokers
Sex Ratio:
Age Onset:
Brain Area: Nicotine stimulates receptors in the adrenal medulla and throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems.
Symptoms: Nicotine stimulates brain areas affecting reward, pleasure and anxiety and induce cravings when not involved.
Progression:
Causes: Several genes are involved in dependency; compulsive craving for nicotine despite knowing consequences;
Medications: There are drugs and patches to reduce responsiveness to nicotine.
Therapies: Evidence-Based Medicine increases quitting by 2-3X.
Youttube Video:
The Neurobiology of Addiction-The Reward Pathway
Amazon or Library Book: Nicotine Explained
Click the book to link or buy from Amazon.
Support Group: nicotine-anonymous.org; 877-879-6422
(Nicotine Anonymous)
4 CURRENT ARTICLES
FROM PUBMED
The world-wide medical research
reports chosen for each diagnosis
Clicking each title opens the
PubMed article’s summary-abstract.
- Using computer-based habit versus chess-based cognitive remediation training as add-on therapy to modify the imbalance between habitual behavior and cognitive control in tobacco use disorder: protocol of a randomized controlled, fMRI studyby Damian Karl on January 26, 2023
BACKGROUND: Although the vast majority of smokers are aware of the enormous preventable health hazards caused by smoking, only a small percentage of smokers manage to remain abstinent in the long term. One possible explanation for this discrepancy lies in the inflexibility of addictive behavior and associated disadvantageous decision-making. According to a dual-process theory of decision-making, two distinct decision systems can be identified. One slow deliberate system based on desirable...
- The risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma in patients with and without somatoform disorders including bruxism: A retrospective evaluation of 309,278 individualsby Marlene Heym on January 26, 2023
CONCLUSIONS: Psycho-emotional stress and/or chronic mucosal injuries may play a role in carcinogenesis. However, the results need to be interpreted cautiously due to limitations of the applied approach. It may thus far only be concluded that further research is necessary to investigate hypotheses regarding psychogenic carcinogenesis and tumor formation due to chronic tissue trauma.
- The detrimental effects of smoking on the course and outcome in adults with bipolar disorder-A narrative reviewby Anna Grunze on January 26, 2023
CONCLUSIONS: Smoking is a modifiable risk factor causing increased risks both for mental and physical health in BD, and deserves more attention in treatment. More treatment research into pharmacological and psychosocial interventions in comorbid BD and TUD or ND are still needed to deliver evidence-based recommendations to physicians.
- Active and Passive Smoking in Adults Undergoing a Long-Term Multi-Setting Healthy Lifestyle Education: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Studyby Hasti Masihay-Akbar on January 25, 2023
We aimed to investigate the effects of a multi-setting lifestyle education on men's cigarette, hookah, and passive smoking, and women's passive smoking, in Iran. Data of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) were used. TLGS started in 1999 with every-3-year follow-ups. Multi-stage cluster random sampling was used to recruit participants under the coverage of three health centers. One health center implemented multi-setting lifestyle education at school, family, and community setting. Our...