CONCLUSION: All three interventions appeared to have alleviating effect on smartphone addiction. After 4 weeks, participants showed improved executive control and decision-making abilities. Specifically, significant effects were observed in the tDCS group, with increased P300 amplitudes in the frontal, parietal, and central regions, as well as FRN amplitudes in the central and frontal regions. This suggested that tDCS enhanced psychological resources and improved inhibition control capabilities.

Although there is a growing awareness of the co-occurrence of internet gaming disorder (IGD) with other mental health problems, the specific patterns of how these symptoms interact over time, especially across different age groups, remain unclear. The current study utilizes cross-lagged panel network modeling (CLPN) to investigate the dynamic, longitudinal relationships among symptoms of IGD, depression and anxiety among adolescents across time, and how these connections change with different...

CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate no alteration in diurnal profiles of the endocrine stress response in IGD.

CONCLUSION: Therefore, normal or moderate internet use has potential protective benefits on the physical and mental health of college students and can promote the positive development of physical activity and social adaptability to a certain extent, and prevent or reduce depressive tendencies, otherwise, it is not conducive to the healthy development of related behaviors and psychology.