Acquiring age-appropriate social skills, arguably a major prerequisite for favorable psychosocial development in children, is targeted in a range of interventions. Hence, identifying factors that limit this acquisition may inform preventative and treatment efforts. Personality disorders are characterized by pervasive and enduring dysfunctional interpersonal functioning, including parenting, and could thus entail risk for offspring in not developing adaptive interpersonal skills. However, no...

CONCLUSIONS: Although limited by use of self report and other potentially confounding factors, multiple PDs were more prevalent in the US than in Europe, but these preliminary findings need to be confirmed using other methodologies. Other poor prognosis factors are prevalent in the US, including early age of onset, more childhood adversity, anxiety and substance abuse comorbidity, and more episodes and rapid cycling. The interactions among these variables in relationship to the more adverse...

No abstract

Personality is the set of established patterns of behavior by which one relates to and understands the world around them. A personality disorder arises when one develops an inflexible and intransigent pattern of maladaptive thinking and behaving, which significantly impairs social or occupational functioning and can cause interpersonal distress. Patterns of thinking and behaving must significantly deviate from cultural norms to meet the diagnostic criteria for personality disorder. Divergence...