CONCLUSION: Multifaceted interventions are required to combat age-related prejudice, intersectional stigma, and discriminatory practices, particularly for people living with HIV.

Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV persistence in the central nervous system (CNS) continues to cause a range of cognitive impairments in people living with HIV (PLWH). Upon disease progression, transmigrating CCR5-using T-cell tropic viruses are hypothesized to evolve into macrophage-tropic viruses in the CNS that can efficiently infect low CD4-expressing cells, such as microglia. We examined HIV-1 RNA concentration, co-receptor usage, and CSF compartmentalization in paired CSF and blood...

Understanding how the infectious disease burden was affected throughout the COVID-19 pandemic is pivotal to identifying potential hot spots and guiding future mitigation measures. Therefore, our study aimed to analyze the changes in the rate of new cases of Poland's most frequent infectious diseases during the entire COVID-19 pandemic and after the influx of war refugees from Ukraine. We performed a registry-based population-wide study in Poland to analyze the changes in the rate of 24...

CONCLUSIONS: Overall, no evidence of association between hyperglycaemia and active tuberculosis was found, though among those with HIV and/or smear/Xpert-positive tuberculosis there was evidence of association. Differentiation of hyperglycaemia caused by diabetes mellitus and stress-induced hyperglycaemia secondary to tuberculosis infection is important for a better understanding of these findings.