CONCLUSIONS: Early detection and safe sexual practices should be promoted, with a particular focus on the populations identified in this study. Focusing on women, individuals aged > 35 years, and ethnic minority populations during testing is crucial. After an HIV-positive diagnosis, spousal testing and protective measures are essential to prevent HIV transmission among couples.

CONCLUSION: Lowering the VL threshold to 1,000 copies/mL can reduce missed diagnoses; however, VL < 1,000 copies/mL during AHI may still delay diagnosis under the WB-based system. Nucleic acid testing (NAT) should be prioritized for individuals with high-risk profiles and negative or indeterminate antibodies to shorten the diagnostic window and enable earlier ART initiation. These findings provide real-world evidence supporting recent guideline changes and underscore the diagnostic challenges...

CONCLUSIONS: We provide a short-term observational report of the efficacy and safety of DOR/3TC/TDF in routine clinical practice, further supporting its use in PWH.

Emerging evidence suggests brain-resident myeloid cells, including perivascular macrophages and microglia, provide a reservoir for HIV infection in the central nervous system (CNS), and their inflammatory activation is a proposed pathogenic mechanism in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). We investigated whether cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB(2)), an immunomodulatory receptor expressed in myeloid cells, regulates viral replication and inflammation in HIV-infected macrophages and...