Acta Psychol (Amst). 2025 Sep 13;260:105574. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105574. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Depression is a prevalent but often underdiagnosed comorbidity among patients with heart failure (HF). This situation increases the risk of mortality and new cardiovascular events. In Oman, 25 % of HF patients succumb to the disease within one year, highlighting the need for effective tools for screening. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is widely used for depression screening. However, its psychometric properties have not been thoroughly explored in Omani cardiovascular samples.
AIMS: This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Arabic PHQ-9 in a sample of cardiovascular disease patients in Oman.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 180 Omani HF patients. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) compared four structural models of the PHQ-9, examining one-factor and two-factor structures. Measurement invariance across gender, marital status, education, and employment was assessed using multigroup CFA. Convergent validity was evaluated through item-total correlations, and Cronbach’s alpha was used to measure internal consistency. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.
RESULTS: Model 2 demonstrated the best fit without error correlations, outperforming Models 3 and 4. The PHQ – 9 demonstrated strong internal consistency (α = 0.84). Additionally, the Cognitive – Affective subscale (α = 0.76) and the Somatic subscale (α = 0.79) both showed acceptable reliability. Convergent validity was supported by moderate to high item-total correlations.
CONCLUSION: The Arabic PHQ-9 is a reliable and effective tool for depression screening in Omani patients with HF. Its ease of administration make it a valuable resource for mental health assessments and preventative interventions in cardiovascular care settings.
PMID:40946692 | DOI:10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105574
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