J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Nov 24:S1569-1993(24)01810-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2024.11.002. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Adults with cystic fibrosis (AWCF) have higher rates of depression and anxiety than comparable community members. This multisite randomized waitlist-controlled trial tested the efficacy of “Coping and Learning to Manage Stress with CF” (CALM), a 6-session+booster telehealth intervention to improve depression and anxiety symptoms (primary outcomes) and perceived stress, coping self-efficacy, and key health-related quality of life domains (secondary outcomes).
METHODS: AWCF reporting mild to severe symptoms of depression and/or anxiety were randomized to receive CALM immediately (immediate, n = 66) or after a 13-week delay (waitlist, n = 66). Group differences post-intervention and at 1-month were examined via linear mixed models. Maintenance of treatment gains from baseline to 3-month follow-up was examined using combined data from both groups. Effect size calculations using Cohen’s d assessed treatment effect magnitude.
RESULTS: Compared to the waitlist group, those that received CALM immediately reported lower depression and anxiety symptoms post-intervention and at 1-month follow-up (ps<0.001). For depression there was a large effect size post-intervention (d = 0.85) and a medium effect size at 1-month follow-up (d = 0.70); anxiety had a medium effect size post-intervention (d = 0.65) and at 1-month follow-up (d = 0.66). The immediate group also reported significantly higher coping self-efficacy, less stress, and increased vitality post-CALM and at 1-month follow-up (ps<0.01). Treatment gains were maintained at 3-month follow-up for all outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: CALM was efficacious for AWCF in reducing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and perceived stress while improving coping self-efficacy and vitality with evidence of treatment sustainability. Next steps are dissemination and implementation to CF psychosocial clinicians.
PMID:39581781 | DOI:10.1016/j.jcf.2024.11.002
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