Hypnotics
Hypnotic, or soporific drugs, commonly known as sleeping pills, are a class of psychoactive drugs whose primary function is to induce sleep and for the treatment of insomnia, or for surgical anesthesia. This group is related to sedatives.
Cluster Number:
Wiki Number: PW199-B
Diagnosis: Hypnotics
US Patients: Hypnotics induce sleep, treat insomnia, or as surgical anesthesia. They actually disturb sleep, but 95% are described for insomnia in
World Patients: some countries. Most physicians try to change the environment first with better sleep hygiene, reduction of caffeine, or CBT.
Sex Ratio: When prescribed, they should be used for the shortest time necessary. Prescriptions for sleep disorders, as of 2010, 13.7% were
Age Onset: nonbenzodiazapines and 10.8% were benzodiazepines. The neuro-hormone melatonin also has an hypnotic function.
Brain Area: Benzodiazepines should not be used beyond 2-4 weeks, given intermittently at the lowest doses possible, because they disturb
Symptoms: slow wave sleep and after more use will rebound insomnia. Older adult should only use benzodiazepines if other drugs fail.
Progression: The Wikipedia article gives brief descriptions and critiques of other hypnotics. They should not be used at all with older people or
Causes: those with dementia and have other side effects.
Medications:
Therapies:
Youtube Video: Sedatives, Hypnotics, & Anxiolytics
I could not find a book on Hypnotics on Amazon. Jim Lohr – Compiler
4 CURRENT ARTICLES
FROM PUBMED
The world-wide medical research
reports chosen for each diagnosis
Clicking each title opens the
PubMed article’s summary-abstract.
- Effects of Esketamine Combined with Dexmedetomidine on Early Postoperative Cognitive Function in Elderly Patients Undergoing Lumbar Spinal Surgery: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trialby Qing-Yu Tao on December 3, 2024
CONCLUSION: The combination of esketamine and dexmedetomidine effectively reduces the incidence of POCD on the first postoperative day in elderly patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery.
- Heart Rate Variability, Hypnosis, and Psychotherapyby Victor Julian Padilla on December 3, 2024
Hypnotherapy is increasingly recognized as an effective treatment option for a wide range of psychological conditions and the psychological elements of physiologic health concerns. Despite its growing use, the mechanisms underlying hypnotherapy's therapeutic benefits remain unknown. Heart rate variability (HRV), a non-invasive biomarker of autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity and other processes relevant to the psychophysiological stress response, has been used to study the physiological...
- Impact of Propofol Administered before Extubation on Respiratory Adverse Events in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trialby Ruting Liao on December 2, 2024
Aims/Background Perioperative respiratory adverse events (PRAEs) are common in pediatric anesthesia, especially in otolaryngology procedures. In this randomized controlled trial, we investigated the impact of administering propofol before extubation on PRAEs in pediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Methods We enrolled children aged 3 to 8 years old, of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classes I to III, scheduled for tonsillectomy, and randomly divided them...
- A Comparative Study of Esketamine-Propofol and Sufentanil-Propofol for Analgesia and Sedation During Breast Minimally Invasive Rotary Resection with Local Anesthesia: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trialby Ningkang Li on December 2, 2024
CONCLUSION: Esketamine-propofol anesthesia significantly reduces the risk of hypoxia (SpO(2) < 92%) compared to sufentanil-propofol, while maintaining similar awakening time, satisfaction, postoperative exhaust time, and side events. Its hemodynamic advantages make it valuable for clinical use, especially in procedures requiring respiratory and hemodynamic stability.