Panic Disorder
What is panic disorder? Panic disorder occurs when you experience recurring unexpected panic attacks. The DSM-5 defines panic attacks as abrupt surges of intense fear or discomfort that peak within minutes. People with the disorder live in fear of having a panic attack.
Cluster Number:
Wiki Number: PW150
Diagnosis: Panic Disorder
US Patients: 2.5% sometime in life
World Patients:
Sex Ratio: M;W2
Age Onset: adolescence or early adulthood
Brain Area: amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus and periaqueductal grey may all be autonomically stimulated and frightening extent
Symptoms: 1-5 or up to 20 minute duration; rapid heartbeat, dizziness, fear of losing control, going crazy or dying; choking, paralysis and others.
Progression: Treatment helps 50%, but 30% have recurrences.
Causes: PTSD, taking on too much responsibility, genetic, substance abuse-drug or alcohol;
Medications: Antidepressants, benzodiazopines, beta blockers
Therapies: learning positive self-talk helps to reduce the panic; reductions can occur within twelve weeks.
Youtube Video: Panic Attacks vs. Panic Disorder
Amazon or Library Book:
The Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Workbook for Panic Attacks
Click the book to link or order from Amazon.
Support Group: mhanational.org; 800-273-8255
(Mental Health America)
4 CURRENT ARTICLES
FROM PUBMED
The world-wide medical research
reports chosen for each diagnosisÂ
Clicking each title opens the
PubMed article’s summary-abstract.
- Theta power reduction and theta-gamma coupling desynchronization are associated with working memory interference and anxiety symptoms in panic disorder: a retrospective studyby Ji Seon Ahn on December 2, 2024
CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights significant alterations in TGC and theta power in PD patients. PD patients exhibit reduced TGC and theta power compared to HCs, indicating deficits in the neural mechanisms underlying anxiety and/or WM in PD. These insights contribute to a better understanding of the neural basis of WM deficits in PD and suggest potential avenues for targeted therapeutic interventions.
- The potential effect of d-cycloserine on the development of anxiety during exposure sessions in patients with agoraphobiaby L Pyrkosch on November 30, 2024
INTRODUCTION: Combination of exposure therapy with d-cycloserine (DCS) in patients suffering from anxiety disorders yielded promising results regarding treatment outcomes. However, less is known about short-term effects of DCS during the treatment process, e. g. its potential influence on anxiety during exposure sessions. In this exploratory secondary analysis using data from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we investigated longitudinal changes in anxiety during exposure in...
- Impact of the estrous cycle on brain monoamines and behavioral and respiratory responses to CO2 in miceby Beatriz Dominiquini-Moraes on November 27, 2024
The prevalence of panic disorder is two to four times higher in women compared to that in men, and hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle play a role in the occurrence of panic attacks. Here, we investigated the effect of the estrous cycle on the ventilatory and behavioral responses to CO(2) in mice. Female mice in proestrus, estrus, metestrus, or diestrus were exposed to 20% CO(2), and their escape behaviors, brain monoamines, and plasma levels of 17β-estradiol (E(2)) and progesterone...
- Anxiety and body-focused repetitive behaviors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of comorbidity rates and symptom associationsby Kathryn E Barber on November 27, 2024
Body-focused repetitive behavior (BFRB) disorders, including hair pulling disorder (trichotillomania [TTM]) and skin picking disorder (SPD), frequently co-occur with anxiety disorders, but reported comorbidity rates vary widely. Additionally, research on the relationship between anxiety and BFRB symptoms has yielded inconsistent findings. This meta-analysis and systematic review examined (1) the prevalence of comorbid anxiety disorders in individuals with BFRB disorders and (2) correlations...