The Listings and Tables of Information on this website

Welcome to these lists of resources for brain health patients, families, caregivers and professionals.
You may have just finished your appointment with your caregiver or therapist and wonder where to find information about your diagnosis. The website includes these lists.


1. There is a table listing four medication discount services which work with pharmacies and may save you 10% or more on your prescription. If your pharmacist does not offer the information, ask them.
There are 339 different diagnoses explained in this website. If I could find them in my research for the website,
they are each cited on these lists or tables:


2. There is a brief definition of each diagnosis, using the format, “What is . . . (the name of the diagnosis).


3. There is a Wikipedia article, usually 5-10 pages with more background on the diagnosis.


4. There is a YouTube video, typically lasting between 5 and 10 minutes. When possible, someone living with 
the diagnosis is featured. If I could not find that, I included comments from professionals about the diagnosis.


5. If you wish to learn more, there will be a book about your diagnosis, written in language patients and their families can understand with as little medical jargon as possible. You may be able to get a copy free from your local library. Or the library may be able to borrow it for you on “interlibrary loan” at either no cost or mailing cost. If your library cannot get the book, or you are sensitive about others who may learn of your diagnosis, each book shown with its cover will be available on Amazon. Most books are priced under $20.00, although some cost more.


6. If I was able to find a Support Group for your diagnosis or at least general support it is listed. Not many diagnoses have enough patients locally to have a “face-to-face” support group. However, your town or city may have a “chapter” of “NAMI,” (the “National Alliance on Mental Illness”), which will be very helpful for you. You may be able to find an online support group at a time convenient for you. Some charge for their services. Or you may contact the national organization for your diagnoses, because some of those has listings and will refer you to the support group you need.
Some of the diagnoses are recorded in separate lists, because they are not relevant to each diagnosis:


7. There is an overview of 9 points of information listing how many patients have this diagnosis in the United States and in the world, the average age of onset, the sex-ratio between men and women or boys and girls, how the illness begins, how it progresses, therapies likely offered and prescriptions often used.


8. Your student may have a diagnosis qualifying her or him for Special Education in school. If you student is substantially limited because of the diagnosis, your school should offer them more-individualized learning. 


9. If you can no longer work in your current occupation because of your diagnosis, you should apply for a Social Security Disability Income benefit. To qualify your medical provider must expect that you will be disabled for more than a year or die because of your diagnosis. Contact your local Social Security office as quickly as you can, because the evaluation for the benefit currently takes at least six months, and may be longer.

Num Diagnosis US Cases WorldCss Sex Ratio Onset Age Brain Area Symptoms Progression  Therapies Medications
1+A3A2:A275 Abuse of(Elder-Age 65 & Older) Adults  8 million 141Milli'n M/W+ 75/80 depends on abuse type agitated, withdrawn  may start cruel, may become abusive  Cognitive therapy-renews control. resist overmedication
2  Abuse (Sexual) of children 7.5 million 1 billion     B3/G 20% by 8 smaller pfc,larger amygdala Google question blocked anxiety, depression, poor eating   cognitive or trauma-focused antibiotics and multi-experts
3 Acute Stress disorder unknown unknown unkown event  amygdala, hippocampus, pfc+ fear responses may be ptsd after a month trauma-informed therapy   antidepressants
4 Adjustment Disorder not found 164 mill     M/2F Age 15-25medial pfc/stress&decision   high fear/slow thinking usually 3-6 months/becomes chronic cognitive/behavioral  antidepressants/anti-anxiety
5 Adjustment-Like Disorder no information found       M/F+    any age right medial frontal gyrus skipped or irregular heart beat anxiety, depression & stress, ADHD cognitive behavioral therapy+  bupropion,mwwthylphenidate
6 Addiction to Social Media 34 million 210million    B/G+    Age 14 pfc, acc, amygdala Preoccupation/compulsion planning life around the need cognitive&dialectical therapies none found
7  Addictive Personality 32 million unknown    M+/W    Age 13 nucleus accumbens,pfc+ drugs,exercise food, gambling cannot recognize self's body parts speech and occupational none found
8 Agnosia under 1 mil unknown   varies accidents occupital,temporal,parietal cause:stroke, dementia,injury avoiding areas limits world guided exposure to those areas serotonin-increasing:Prozac,Zoloft
9 Agoriphobia 31 million 120 million    M/F+ Age 23 visio-spatial&fear networks difficult escape/embarrasmnt differs by causal medication type stop the causal medication lower offending medication dosage
10 Akathisia not found not found      M/F not found nucleus accumbens,pfc  inability to stay still damage to  body parts & marriages cognitive&motivational enhanced naltrexone,acamprosate
11 Alcoholic Hallucinosis 2milannum 18 million    M+/W    Age 35 lsteral ventricle enlarged hallucinations-most auditory May last up to a week, repeat stronger detox, counseling, follow-up care benzodiazepines & anti-convulsants
12 Alcohol-Harmful Patttern of Use 29 million 400millin    M+/W    Age 15 brain lesions manic-depression, suicides provacative to suicidal comments reduce alcohol consumption risperidone 
13 Alcohol Withdrawal 2mil/annum 550million    8M/W   6 hours hypothalamus/hippocampus anxiety, fast heart rate,vomits use to dependency cognitive-learning coping skills naltrexone,acamprosate,disulfram
14 Alcoholism 27.1 million 609million    M+/W   Age 15 frontal lobes; cerebellum poor speech&walking,too slim decline in functioning only slow the decline cholinesterase inhibitors, memantine
15 Alzheimer's Disease   7.2million  57 million   M/2W  Age 65+ entorhinal cortex; hippocamps memory loss, confusion may be temporary or permanent psychotherapy, cognitive behavior+ none specifically approved
16 Amnesia 24,000   600,00   M/1.6W    Age 50 headtrauma,events,deficiencs anterograde; retrograde-past usually occures after trauma psychotherapy, hypnotherapy+ no specific medications
17 Amnestic disorder with Fugue (wandering) 700,000 16 million     M/F    Age 20 right inferolateral pfc loss of memory, then travel Substance abuse & blackouts occur. stop using, detox, cognitive-behavior benzodiazepines,zolpidem,zaleplon+
18 Amnestic Disorder Due to SHA* 2.2 million not found   1.5M/F   varies hippocampus,amygdala, pfc ug users in 20's; others, later hers. Difficulties may arise through the s e side effects even though the prescriptions  ptions were appropriate.
  Note: "SHA" abbreviates sedative/hypnotic/and-or anxiolytic medications.     dications which include ude: Valium, Xanax, Halcion, Ativan, and Klonopin among many others.        
19 Amphetamines Dependence  1.8 million 17 million    varies    Age 19 basal ganglia, amygdala, pfc energyburst,happy,aggressive binge, withdrawal, preoccupation counseling & behavior change modafinil, aripiprazole
20 Amphetamines-Episode of Harmful Use  8.5 million  30 million   2M/F   Age 22 pfc, insula,nucleusaccumbens lost appetite, weight loss high temp, skin flush, aggressiveness counseling/contingency management chlor-promazine
21 Amphetamine-Induced Delirium not found no definite    M/F+ 20's/70's pfc, insula,nucleusaccumbens  persecutory delusions,+ lack of concentration,delusion-persecution   reversible course; little effect talktherapy,contingencymanagement risperidone,haloperidol,ziprasidone
22 Amphetamine-Induced Impulse Control case reports only      M/F+ adolesce  pfc, straitum, amygdala Impulse resistance is lower. tolerance, dependence, addiction stop,take a breath,observe.proceed adderall, ritalin, atomoxetine,+
23 Amphetamine-Induced Mood Disorder increasing unreliable   M/W+   Age 23 ventotegmental,nucleus accum mbens. Amygdala anxiety, depression, hallucinations discontinue amphetamime use+ benzodiazepines;Zyprexa,Seroquel=
24 Amphetamine-Induced OCD increasing unknown    M/W    Age 31 pfc, basal ganglia, accumbens Usally stops if drug withdrawn  exaggerated need to check to be exact+ Stops when amphetamine withdrawn beta-blockers for anxiety,antimaniacs
25 Amphetamine-Induced Psychotic Disorder  8.6million unknown  M+/W Age20-34 delusions & hallucinations Gone if amphetamine stops. hallucinations,delusions, agitation stopping use of the drug aripiprazole.haloperidol, quietapine+
26 Amphetamine-Withdrawal   5 million unknown   differ 36 hours nucleus accumbens, hippo+ depressed functioning, pain  loss of pleasure, aches, fatigue exposure & reponse prevention clopramine, sertaline, fluoxetine
27 Anorexia Nervosa   7million 73 million    M/4W     Age 15 insula, orbitofrontal cortex+ low weight, fear if being fat restricted eating,very thin talkingtherapy, supervisedweightgain olanzapine,zyprexa
28 Anorexia Nervosa-Atypical   7 million not found    M/3W not found partial,temporal,frontal cortic eating much less,fear of gain neurologicsl,hormonal,anemia,death renourishment,family-based therapy aripipazole, olanzapine+
29 Anorgasmia 44 million  1.1 billion  M/2.6W   varies frontal lobe, amygdala+ inability,delay,low intensity acquired anorgasmia-lost ability+ depends on the cause(s) no specific medications offered
30 Anti-depressant Discontinuation Syndrome  4.4 million 672million    M/F+    Age 44  dorsal raphe nucleus, pfc, hip excessive or persistent worry, fear+ fflu,insomnia,nausea,imbalance+ taper the med,reassurance, patient ed cognitive behavioral/mindfulness
31 Antisocial Personality Disorder  7.7million 125million    4M/W    Age 8 0rbitofrontal&dorsolateral+ disregarding&violating others tends to improve with advancing age cognitive behavioral therapy+ none specifically approved
32 Anxiety Disorder  40 million 360million  M/1.5F   Age 30 amygdala,hippocampus, pfc+ flu, insomnia, nausea,imbalance levels of intensity, mild to panic exposure therapy antidepressants and benzodiazepines
33 Asperger's Syndrome  102 thou  71million    B+/G    Age 8 frontal lobe, amygdala, pfc+ poor eye contact, socialskills  reclasifiedinto autism spectrum social and emotional skills no specific medicine
34 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder  22.6million 374million    B2/G    Age 3  pfc,basal ganglia, cerebellum lacks:attention,focus,followup levels of intensity, mild to panic applied behavior analysis(Skinnner?) risperid0ne, aripiprazole
35 Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome  50,000 96 million  1.4M/W    varies frontal,striatal,cerebellum+ low-level, prepsychotic  remission or full psychosis cognitive behavioral therapy antipsychotics may help
36 Autism Spectrum Disorder 803 thou 1.2 milliom    4B/G    birth frontal lobe: fewer synapses less communication,interests low language and understanding; cognitive behavioral therapy lisdexamphetamine,  (vyvanse)
37 Avoidant & Restrictive Food Intake  15million 244million    M/W   Age12 anterior cingulate cortex+ smalldiet, manysupplements highly selective diet-texture&taste exposure therapy  None FDA Approved
38 Avoidant Personality Disorder   6 million  20 million     M/W    Age 20 amygdala,hippocampus, pfc+ inhibition, inadequacy,+ feelings of inadequacy, withdrawal cognitive behavioral therapy+ iminophen,
39 Binge Eating Dsiorder 2.8million  70 million    M/2W     Age 21 corticostriatalcircuitryimpulse eating larger,longer, binging regularly overeating cognitive behavioral therapy+ vyvanse, takeda
40 Bipolar Disorder    7 million  37 million   M/W+    Age 24 pfc, amygdala, hippocampus+ mania and depression increased depressive episodes cognitive behavioral therapy lithium,antidepressants, antipsychots
41 Bipolar I Disorder  5.4million 40 million     M/W    Age 21 pfc, amygdala, hippocampus+ energy+,risk+, maybe a crash faster &more intense swings+ cognitive behavioral,family-focused+ lithium,antipsychotics,antidepressants
42 Bipolar II Disorder  2.8million  46 million    M/2W     Age 25 pfc,amygdala,hippocampus+ bite nails,pick skin,pull hair more often or severe, more control cognitive-behavioral,family-focused+ mood stabilizers, antipsychotics+
43 Bipolar Disorder Not Otherwise Specified  1.1million 37million    M/W+    Age 20 pfc, cingulate gyrus,amygda+ light mania, fewer depression some become bipolar I or II, or not psychotherapy mood stabilizers, antipsychotics+
44 Body Dysmorphic Disorder   6 million 187million    M/W+    Age 14 visual cortex,insula,amygdala comparing by mirrors worse after adolescence exposure&response prevention fluoxetine  
45 Body-FocusedRepetitive BehaviorDisorder 13million  247million    M/W+    Age 13 inferior frontal gyrus+  impulsively damaging body bite nails, pick skin, pull hair habit-reversal training N-acetylcysteine, naltrexone, +
46 Borderline Intellectual Disorder   46million 853million    M/W    birth Members have a 70-85 I. Q. Difficult thought & language it does not worsen Some outcomes can be improved. no specific medication
47 Borderline Personality Disorder  3.6million 486million    M/W+    Age 12 amygdala,hippocampus,pfc+ unstablerelationships.impulse  after "honeymoon"life-long conflict dialectical-cognitive,mentalization mood stabilizers, antipsychotics+
48 Breathing-Related Sleep Disorder  86million  1.36billion  M2.5/W  5 or 45 brainstem-medulla snoring,choaking, pauses high blood pressure, stroke positional therapy CPAP, surgery, weight loss
49 Brief Psychotic Disorder 1.3million 41million    M/2W     Age 35 1-30 days only 1-30days with delusions+ some are cured; some recur cognitive behavioral therapy anti-psychotics 
50 Bulemia Nervosa    2million 423million M/4W    Age17 low white matter & serotonin fear of weight gain, binging 1-2 times/24 hours cognitive-behavioral about eating Prozac is the only approved drug.
51 Caffeone Dependence   74million 2.3billion   M+/W not found pfc. Striatum,hypothalamus headache, fatigue,anxiety cravings, anxiety, sleep disturbance gradual reduction, support, no prescription medications
52 Caffeine-Induced Anxiety Disorder    no data   no data   M/W+   Age21 pfc, hippocampus,amygdala high heart rate, jumpiness Stays if caffeine is in the system. tapering, cognitive behavioral therp eliminate caffeine, serotonin added
53 Caffeine-Induced  Sleep Disorder  73million 323million   unclear    varies basalforebrainhypothalamus+ heart disease, hypertension disruptedsleep=morecaffeineindays reduce evening intake; relaxation  zolpidem, trazodone
54 Caffeine Withdrawal 212million    unclear    M/W+    Age 19 anteriorcingulatecortex,pons+ headache,fatigue,iritability+ symptoms subside after 2-9 days reduce intake,stay hydrated  ibuprofen,acetomenophen, aspirin
55 Synthetic Cannabinoid Dependence no record no record  1.5M/W    Age 16 less gray matter,less activity+ acute psychosis,agitation+ not found  IVfluids/sedation&IVbenzodiazepines benzodiazepines & antipsychotics
56 Synthetic Canninoids Episode of Use  623million  unknown   M3/W    Age23 frontalcortex,hippocampus+ rapidheartrate,anxiety,parano aggression, confusion, anxiety cognitive-behavioral,continency mgt nabilone/cesamet
57 Synthetic Canninoids in Harmful Pattern   7 million  325million     M+/W     Age 12 frontal lobes, insula, acc epilepsy&schizos-dangerous memory,decision-making declines+ detoxification & counseling  no specific antidote
58 Synthetic Cannabinoids + Anxiety   4 million unavailable    M+/W    Age 16 central nervous system causes severe anxiety&panic paranoia, psychosis,mood swings relapse prevention, cognitive therapy benzodizepines, antipsychotics
59 Synthetic Cannabinoids + Delirium unavailable unavailable    M+/W    Age 16 cerebral cortex,basalganglia+ severe & agitated stronger than pot and unpredictable de-escalation, boring environment+ benzodiazepines,lorazepam,diazepam
60 Synthetic Cannabinoids + Mood Disorder impossible unavailable    M+/W    Age 19 pfc,hippocampus,amygdala+ risk of depression risk of schizophrenia supportive and symptomatic no specific antidote exists
61 Synthetic cannabinoids+Psychotic Disorder impossible concerned    M+/W    Age 19 cerebral corpus, frontal lobes+ higher potency than pot can have more dangerous symptoms cognitive therapy, behavior change lorazepam & resperidone
62 Synethic Cannabinoids Withdrawal    11 cases      rising    M/W+    Age 28 striatum, pfc, temporal lobe one time can create  ravings,nausea,excessive sweating none found antipsychotics may help
63 Cannabis Dependence  20million 24 million  1,5M/W    Age 18 hippocampus.pf,cerebellum+ strong desire,using more compulsively seeking more behavioral therapy buspirone
64 Cannabis-Induced Anxiety  15 million 3-4 X   M/W+ Under 15+ amygdala and hippocampus hallucinations or delusions depression, anxiety, ptsd stopping the drug use, soon helps anxiolytics-lorazepam-most common
65 Cannabis-Induced Delerium  26 million rare    M4/W    Age 20 hippocmpus.amygdala,pfc hyperactivityy,inwstability+ disturbances in attention & cognition cognitive-behavoioral therspy antipsychotic medications
66 Cannabis-Induced Psychosis 1.6million 1.5million    4M/F Users-26 pfc, amygdala, hippocampus thinking changes hallucination,loneliness,deterioration  hobbies, clear focus on activitiescan  diazepram
67 Cannabis Use Disorder (See Cannabis Dependence above.)      M+/F Before 18 Gene CHRNA2,Chromosome 8 seeking more dopamine hallucinations, memory, withdrawal detoxification, inpatient, counseling none 
68 Cannabis Withdrawal no number  16 million     M/F+    Age 16 dopominurgic system, pfc+ aggression, anxiety, poorsleep Starts 24-48 hours; lasts 2-20 days Talk therapy may help. none found
69 Cataleptic Muscular Rigidity  20thousandunavailable not set  no stats     M/F+   Age 40s basalganglia,motor complex+ muscle rigidity & immobility 1 of 12 catatonic psychomotor disturbs deep brain stimulation serg benzodizepines
70 Catatonia (Motor Inability) 90 thou/yr  no stats varybyage   Age29 motor cortex, basal ganglia rigidity,immobility,posturing autonomic instability,complications physical & occupational therapy benzodiazepines, antipsychotics
71 Catatonic Schizophrenia 600thou    4 million     M/F   M20/F25 frontal&parietal cortices++ movement-reduced or hyper immobility, pneumonia, death supportive therapies Lorazepam, a benzodiaepine sedative
72 Synthetic Cathinone Dependence    659thou not known    2M/F    Age 19 stimulant-violence, suicide hypothermia, coma, death euphoria, empathy, talkativeness cognitive behavioral therapy+ bupropion
73 Synthetic Cathinone Harmful Pattern   no stats no stats    M+/F    Age 15 striatum, hippocampus++ violence, suicidal thoughts+ may cause or reduce cancer cognitive behavioral therapies antidepressants and ADHD meds+ 
74 Synthetic Cathinone + Delirium not known not known    M+/F    Age 12 cortex,straitum,hippocampus delirium, agitation, violence acute liver disease; reduces sperm managing physical symptoms no specfic FDA medication
75 Synthetic Cathinone + Impulse Control  10,000+ unavailable  M+/F      Age 13 pfc,basal ganglia,amygdala+ extreme need to re-dose interrupts neurotransmitters managing severe agitation,  support anti-psychotics
76 Synthetic Cathinone + Intoxication down from 2010      M+/F    Age 12 nucleus accumbens,striatum+ delirium,insomnis,suicidals= confusion and hallucinations rapid sedation, benzodiazepines, antipsychotics
77 Synthetic Cathinone + Mood Disorder no database   same    M+F adlscent striatim.corpus,hippocampus anxiety,mania,depression+ anxiety, agitation,psychosis managing substance cravings anti-depressants, bipolar medications
78 Synthetic Cathinone + Obsessive-Cmpulsv 236 cases unknown    M+/F    Age 19 orbitofrontal cortex,ACC emergeny-room visits post-crash,fatigue,anxiety integrated therapies,exp0sure fluoxetine,fluvoxamine
79 Synthetic Cathinone + Psychosis hundreds no number    M+/F   Age 21 neurotransmitters severe paranoia,violence long-term psychotic disorder abstaining from the drug, support electrococon-vulsivek, if last choice
80 Synthetic Cathinone Withdrawal no record no record    M+/F    Age 29 basal ganglia, amygdala, pfc vomiting.diahhrea,cramps hyperthermia, coma, death 2-3 liters water, calm meds for headache,anxiety
81 Central Sleep Apnea 16 million 80million     M+/F    Age 60 brain fails breathing signal blood-oxygen drops breathing stops until brain re-awakens remede implants for severe CSA oxygen, overdrive atrial pacing 
82 Childhood Disintegrative Disorder 172,000 304million     4B/G  Ages 2-3 hippocampus,amygdalahalamus regressesskills: mental&motor May regain speech, but not all skills  sensory, social and speech therapy Risperidone,Olanzapine,Cerebrolysin
83 Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy  90,000year unknown Male-Athletes 21-30     40's frontal cortical areas, dementia, -9 years of life tau, early death, often by suicide individual drug counseling* buprpion, topiramate
84 Circadian Rhythm Sleep vs.Workshifts 642 deaths 810million%     M/F+   Age 60 hypothalamus accident-prone, substance use lower cognitive performance,less alert delayed rotations forward, napping Oral melatonin, bright light therapy
85 Claustrophobia   40million 610million   M/W+   Age20 pfc. Amygdala, insula rapid heartbeat, sweating psychotherapy, exposure therapy exposure and relazation therapies anti-anxiety, benzodiazepines
86 Cocaine Dependence   1.4million 49million    2M/F    Age 17 ventral tegmental,nucleusacc need daily, then more and more lung damage, HIV, hepatitis C manic individual drug counseling + no specific medications approved
87 Cocaine-Harmful Pattern  5 million 25million     M/F+ 18-26(high) prefrontal cortex hyperactivity,aggression,risky tolerance,dependence, addiction Most effective, exercise/meditation  modafinil, ibogaine. A vaccine
88 Cocaine-Induced Delirium not found not found    M3/W    Age 30 pfc,amygdala,basal ganglia+   hypoactive or hyperactive death, intense paranoia, violence find the cause, get sleep and support haloperidol & benzodiazepines
89 Cocaine-Induced Impulse Control Disorder not found not found    M/W+    varies pfc, striatum  explosive,risky,illegal acts+ impulsive action & thrill seeking cognitive behavioral therapy variesby condition
90 Cocaine-Induced Mood Disorder not found 13.2million    varies Mid-30s nucleus accumbens, pfc,amygd long sadness or elation+ may stop if cocaine does or if treated psychotherapy (talk therapy) antidepressants & mood stabilizers
91 Cocaine-Induced OCD not precise not found    M/W+ Age10/18 pfc,nucleusaccumbens,striatum compulsions arise  may last hours or years mindfulness&relaxation techniques fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine
92 Cocaine-Induced Psychotic Disorder not found not found    M+/W   Age 17  basalganglia,putamen,ventral "988" stopped inquiry 2nd most difficult below heroin to stop individual drug counseling + carbamazepine, L-dopa, amino acids
93 Cocaine Intoxication 29thoudied no stats    M3/F     Age 13 nucleus accumbens++ feei high, anxiety,tremors+ days to weeks; symptoms may linger nay require hospitalization nethadone, buprenorphine+
94 Cocaine Withdrawal 1.1milllion not found    M+/F   no stats basal ganglia & amygdala illness fear by over-research 3.5% continue lifetime increase sleep-time, cut distractions Imipramine or low-dose clonazepam
95 Confusional Arousals vary by age 800milion      M/F   Ages 2-5 contradictory arousal of sleep confusion, disorientation unknown  Cognitive behavior therapy anti-anxiety medications
96 Cognitive Disease  32million  55million   M/W2   Age65 hippocampus, lobes, whites memory,concentration+ gradual declines in mind cognitive rehabilitation therapy cholinesterase inhibiors,memanine
97 Communication Disorder  42million 170million    M2/W   Age 4 Broca's&Wernicke's areas difficult,slow speech It varies by the type of difficulty. speech-language therapy varies by condition
98 Conduct Disorder  32million  41million  M1.6/W   Age12 widespread,cortical thickness aggression,propertydamage substanceabuse,criminal lifestyle varies by the individual's needs stimulants,antipsychotics+
99 Conversion Disorder   27thous  6.5million   M/6W     Age22 pfc, amygdala, insula+ weakness, tramors, seizures symptoms can recur if stressor does physical and occupational therapy antidepressants, anxiolytics
100  disorder medication 19million  unclear   varies   varies amygdala,insula,striaterminalis over-research brings anxiety out-of-body experiences possible Cognitive Behavioral Therapy   naloxone, benzodiazepines
101 Cyclothymic Disorder  2.3million 57million    M/W   Age20 pfc,amygdala,hippocampus+ hypomanic,racing thoughts may become bipolar I or II disorder cognitive behavioral therapy+ mood stabilizers, antidepressants+
102 Delayed Ejaculation  3.4million  81million      M    Age50 nucleusaccumbens,thalamus difficulty, extra time to doso varies,some worsen behavioral technique, couples therap none specifically approved
103 Delirium  2.6milann 324million  varies   Age60 frontal&paretal cortices+ confusion & disorientation hyperactive, hypoactive, mixed maintain stable environment antipsychotics-reduce agitation+
104 Delusional (Grandeur) Disorder  2.4million unknown    M/W      connected neural networks usually not stand-alone social, emotional, & legal effects cognitive behavioral therapies antypsychotics
105 Dementia  7.2million   57million   M2/W   Age65 hippocampus,entorhinalcrtx decline in mental abilities 10%-15% from impaired to dementia none found risperidcone, haloperidol, antipsychs
106 Dependent Personality Disorder  1.9million 1.9million   M/W+   Age18 pfc:brodmannareas 10,11,47 clinging, submissive acts potential abuse,anxiety, depression long-psychtherapy anti-depresants, antianxiety
107 Depersonalization-Derealization Di+B93:L96sorder   3.3million 124milion    M/W    Age 17  prefrontal cortex self or surroundings detached high suicide risk, hospitalization talk therapy+social support+ anti-depressants
108 Depression  48million  280million   M/2W  Age32.5 pfc.hippocampus, amygdala hopelessness,lack of interest increased intensity&frequency cognitive-behavioral therapy antidepressants, mood stabilizers
109 Depression-Melancholic    28million 80 million  M/W1.5   Age 46.5 insula unhooked fronto-cortex part of persistent depression after pregnancy- delivery/3-6 months friendships, talk, counseling SSRIs
110 Depression-Postpartum 500,000ann135milann  22 million  Only W In3months insula unhooked fronto-cortex sadness, low energy, anxiety increased relapse and suicide risks tricyclicantidepressants,shocktherapy antidepresants,antipsychotics,shock
111 Depression-Psychotic   1.5million 206million    M/W+   Age 60 high cortisol in HPA axis sad,tired,unabletoconcentrate  reduction in spring bright light therapy, cognitive-behavioral thp hormone melotonin 
112 Depression-Seasonal Affective 10million+ by latitude    M/4W    Age 24 amygdala,pfc,hippocmpus overeating,no energy,anxiety heart disease, neuropathy, death cognitive behavioral therapy insulin
113 Depressive Personality Disorder  37million  unavailable    M/2W    Age26 amygdala, pfc, hippocampus low self-esteem, pessimism See also "dysthymia." cognitive behavioral therapy antidepressants,mood stabilizers+
114 Dermotillla-Excoriation Disorder  11million 280million  M/W1.45   Age13 orbitofrontal,prefrontal cort+ picking damages skin chronic especially with stress habit reversal therapy+ Prozac or Zoloft may help
115 Developmental Coordination Disorder   3million 448million   4B/G    Age5 cerebellum,parietal,frontallob low motor control,coordination fine motor skills, emotional difficulty physical&occupational therapies no specific medication
116 Diabulemia 29,000died 666,000    M/8F   Age 17.5 reducinginsulin to lose weight type1diabetics refusinginsulin computer/sex/theft impulsivity,varies cognitive behavioral therapy for sex gambling-fluvoxamine,clomipramine
117 Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder   4million  94million  varies 9months pfc,amygdala,cingulatecortex leaving with strangers lack of fear of others family caregiver training none specifically approved
118 Disruptive Impulsive Control & Conduct Dr 99%remiss  1.4 billion    M+/F Childhood dysfunctional striatum constant failure to resist urges less-active amygdala/poor social cues  contingency management therapy antidepressants&stimulants
119 Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder US Cases 206million    M+/F    Age 10 medialfrontalgyrus/anteriorcing regular bad mood and temper most recover over time, if in safety EMDR, hypnotherapy, support +  maybe anti-depressants/anti-anxiety
120 Dissociative Amnesia 10 million 146milann   M/2.6F     Age 30 pfc, amygdala, hippocampus memory gaps, short or long same identity, aspects can vary childhood abuse/trauma-focused thpy anti-depressants/anxiety/psychotics
121 Dissociative Identity Disorder 190million 124 million    M/8F Ages 7/30 5-10 smallerhippocampi/amygdalae begins age 6/diagnosed at 30 multiple mental challenges 80% improve with therapy none specifically approved
122 Dissociative Disorder-Other Specified 684,000 329 million   M/6F  Ages5/16 smallerhippocampi/amygdalae meninprison/women,therapy increased difficulty coping+ trauma-informed therapy + no specific recommendations
123 Dissociative Disorder Unspecified 411,000 not found    M/F+ before 19 pfc,hippocampus,insula+ trauma:childhood/combat cognitive & memory impairment improve functioning psychoanalysis,mindfulness
124 Dissociative Drugs Dependence   5 million  unclear    M+/F    Age 15  drugs involved  bring sedation, depression, "988" stopped inquiry cognitive behavioral therapy+ no remedial drugs found
125 Dissociative Drugs-Episode of Use   5 million No separate statistics for    for the  disorder if happy, good; if not,bad trip ketamine bladder-incontinence detox, talk & behavioral therapis no specific medicines
126 Dissociative Drugs-Harmful Pattern 500,000 "dissociative drugs."      Age 24 neurotransmitter intereooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo feeldetachedfrombody/others vitamin B deficiency-nerve damage treatmend given in a medical office eskatamine
127 Dissociative Drugs + Anxiety  13 million notavalable    M/2F    Age 21 hippocampus, pfc,amygdala feeling detached from body+ aworsening of anxiety over time cognitive behaviroal therapy+ benzodiazepines, antidepressants+
128 Dissociative Drugs + Delirium  17 million impossiblr inconsistet    15/30 central nervous system+ could be dtached & floatubg+ drug-induced delirium give a safe environment,  reassure+ antipsychotics & benzodiazepines
129 Dissociative Drugs + Intoxication  8.5 million not found    M+/F    Age 13 cerebral cortex,basalganglia+ feeloutofcontrol,disconnected not found  depends which neurotransmitters act depends which neurotransmitters act
130 Dissociative Drugs + Mood Disorder 139,000 no count not known    15/21 pfc, amygdala,basal ganglia+ become manic or depressed mania or hypomania quit using the drug amtidepressants or antipsychotics
131 Dissociative Drugs + Psychotic Disorder  7.5million unavailable    M+./F not found pfc,temporal/parietal cortex+ hallucinations, delusions drug-induced psychosis education on misuse, skills training not found
132 Dissociative Drugs + Withdrawal 4.8 million148 million    not found not found regional contacts in the brain "988" did not allow review. psychosomatic vs. neurological  physical therapy; support groups Meds for anxiety, depression
133 Dissociative Neurological Symptom Disrdr   5 million unknown    M/W+   Age 10 prefrontal lobe+, limbic - stressmakesphysicalsymptoms Adults can manage & compensate. Using a drawing tablet for practice. none specifically approved
134 Down Syndrome 500thousnd 3.5million  varies Pre-Born cerebellum, hippocampus+ small head, up-slantingeyes Not stages, but different milestones pysical,occupationaltherapeis+ No medication/CRISPR?
135 Dyscalculia  14 million 1 billlion    M+/W    Age 7 angular gyrus difficulty articulating & writing More apparent with age, life-long Reading by "phonetic decoding." Texts in larger fonts.
136 Dyspareunia not found 740million    3B/G    Age 3 larger brains, pattern recognitn may also have math difficulty increasing lubrication reduced depends on the cause(s) depends on the cause(es)
137 Dysthymia  7 million 1.8 billion        W    Age 41 Pelvic floor dysfunction. vaginal sex that is painful major depressive episodes cognitive behavioral therapy+ antidepressants
138 Dystonia-Medication Induced  3.9milann 27 million    M/W+  B21/A21 pfc, amygdala, insula+ 2+ years of low mood reduces with age  and development limit nighttime fluids, bladder training Wireless alarm; desmopressin, 
139 Elimination Disorder   5million  44million    5B/G   until 5 pontine micturation center+ age5,2x/week for 3months shame, embarrassment+ alarm, dry-bed training,biofeedback  oxybutynin, stool softeners
140 Enuresis  3.3million 120million    3B/G    Age 5 pfc,cingulate cortex, insula age5,2x/week for 3months decreases:20% age 5; 2% late teens b;adder training,moisture alarms desmopressin or imipramine
141 Erectile Disorder  40million 322mllion     M   Age45 amugdalanucleusaccumbens inability to achieve erection complete inability diet, exercise, stress reduction Viagra, Cialis
142 Erotic Target Location Error   no stats not found    M+/W   varies  occipitotemporal cortex+ sexual fantasies: body part+ tolerance, dependence, relapse+ cognitive behavioral therapy+ none found
143 Exercise Addiction    no stats 22 million    M+/W   Age 15 orbitofrontal cortex,pfc+ tired, depressed, less able+ hear lound noise \not dangerous stress reduction None FDA Approved
144 Excoriation Disorder 11.6million 281million  M/1.5W   Age14 insula,cerebellum,perietalctx repetitive skin picking  scarring and infection,withdrawal habit reversal training antidepressants
145 Exhibitionism Psychosexual Disorder   5million 244million  M Only   Age23 frontotemporal,impulsecontrol  exposing genitals sexual urges and significant distress identify triggers & relaxation antiandrogen medications
146 Exploding Head Syndrome 133million    rare unknown unknown neuronal dysfunction+ sleepdisorder,falling/waking known as Munchausen Syndrome support to build trust few with careful monitoring
147 Expressive Language Disorder  1.4million  85million  B2.5/G   Age2 Broca's area frontal lobe late speech,poor grammar can be improved as a child speech-language therapy no specific medications
148 Factitious on Other  unknown unknown unknown unknown frontal lobe, hypothalamus+ falsify illness for sympathy known as Munchausen Syndrome talk therapies antidepressants,anti-anxiety
149 Factitious on Self   364thou unknown     M/2F   Age 34 changed brain structure+ enhance illnessforsympathy 5 years-60% remission speechtherapy:chewing/swallowing antidepressants,anti-anxiety+
150 Feeding or Eating Disorder-Other Specified unknown 55 million     M/3F    Age 18 hypothalamus 2 years strong infrequent or diminished orgasms+ talk, sensate focus therapy+ none specifically approved
151 Female Orgasmic Disorder 5.5million 596millon    F only    varies hypothalamus,amygdala+ delays or lack of orgasms+ food addiction=5X if food insecure improve food access, intake unlikely to afford along with food
152 Female Sexual Arousal Disorder  25million 600million    F only   Age55 right medial frontal gyrus reduced desire & sensation emotional distress and depression psychological & sex therapy hormone therapies, bremelanotide
153 Fetishistic Disorder  47million unknown    M only   Age10 temporal& frontal lobes arousal from non-humans Interest fluctuates over time. Matching urges with bad outcomes. anti-androgens to lower sex drive
154 Food Addiction 6 mil kids   1.6billion    M/2F    varies dopamine system,hypothalm weight loss,depression+ tooth decay,throat lining damaged+ dialectical behavior therapy+ fluoxetine or topiramate
155 Food Purging Disorder 46 million 165million     M /F+    Age 15 dorsalstriatum,hypothalmus hunger, uneven  thinking age 15 if normal adolescent diaphamatic breathing,biofeedback Nexium, Prilosec
156 Food Regurgitation-Rumination Disorder 7.7million 226million     M/F+    7 mos poorbrain-gutcomunication age 6 intellectual disability popular among prisoners supportive psychotherapy+ low-dose benzodiazepines may+
157 Frontotemporal Cognitive Disorder  55thou  800thou     M/F   Age54 frontal and temporal lobes varies by what part of brain 2-20 year worsening to-24-hour care physical,occupational,speech therap sertaline,citalopram+
158 Frotteurestic Disorder  15million 828million   M only   Age20 pfc, temporal lobes, impulse 6 months rubbing others varies,some worsen psychotherapy antiandrogens to reduce sex drive
159 Gambling Disorder   5million  80million   2M/W   Age12 ventral striatum,pfc,insula+ restless if reducing, lying only 10% seek treatment cognitive therapy, behavior change no FDA-approved medications
160 Ganser Syndrome  870thou        rare unknown   Age32 frontal lobe, amygdala + high hear if longer than a year prolonged grief therapy+ no specific medication
161 Gender Dysphoria  1.6million  30million   varies   Age6 multiple regions & networks feelingtrapped in wrongbody in childhood may resolve; not later explore options, including medical varies by sex
162 General Adaptation Syndrome 226million  3billion    M/W    any hippocampus,pituitary,adrenal alarm, resistance, exhaustion Is this professional "burnout?" reframe negative thoughts,exercise no specific medications
163 Generalized Anxiety Disorder  6.8million 301million    M/2W   Age15 amygdala, pfc, hippocampus excesssive worry, tension major depressive disorder cognitive behavioral therapy antidepressants, benzodiazepines
164 Genito-Pelvic Pain Disorder  43million 1.12billion   W only   Age27 central nervous system involuntary muscle tightening pain, fear. Avoidance of sex phyical &sex therapies wide variety of options
165 Grief (Prolonged) Disorder not found 7Mil/year    M/6W postdeath amygdala,hippocampus,pfc+ intense longing, depression psychosis & schizophrenia interventions to ceasing use anti-psychotics & anti-cinvulsants+
166 Hallucinations  72million 422milion  M/1.4W   Age24 sensory cortices,limbics sensory experience/not there clearer sensations-to terror cognitive-behavioral therapies antidepressants+
167 Hallucinogen-Induced Delirium 3 million     wide   mixed      any pfc,thalamus,defaultnetwork visual & perceptualdisturbs onset,peak,plateau,comingdow=trip counseling sessions psychedelics
168 Hallucinogens Dependence   493thou unavailable     M+/F    Age 10 pfc,thalamus,hippocampus delay tasks at work or home dependence,addiction,relapse psychotherapy and counseling famotrigine
169 Hallucinogens-Episode of Use  7.4milann no number    M+/F    Age 10 pfc,thalamus,hippocampus changes sense perceptions dependence,addiction,relapse psychotherapy and counseling famotrigine
170 Hallucinogens=Harmful Pattern 141thou    no numbersharmj  unknown    Age 17 serotonin aand glutamate higher heart rate;blood lrerrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrincreased heart rate, blood higher  heart rate, blood press                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           increasing amounts consumed detoxification , rehab-in.out-patient psychedelics
171 Hallucinogen-Induced Anxiety Disorder   51thou       no number     M/W    Age 21 pfc, acc, amygdala, insula panic attacks,irrational fears high rate of depression, low motivation remove the drug causing the anxiety antidepressants and desensitization
172 Hallucinogen-Induced Mood Disorder 29 million noestimate  no ratio    Age 20 pfc,amygdala,hippocampus+ depressive  anxiety,psychotic clutter, social isolation, depression cognitive behavioral therapy no specific medications approved
173 Hallucinogen-Persisting Perception Disrdr 70 million 192million      M/F    Age 10 anterior cingulate, insula+ over-acquisition, unable use some better, worse, or same behavioral interventions+ stimulants or antidepressants+
174 Histrionic Personality Disorder   6million 147million   M/4W   Age20 pfc,amygdala, hippocampus+ exaggerated emotions cyclical, intense, unstable behaviors skills to reduce attention-seeking+ no specific medication
175 HIV Infection Disorder  1.5million  41million    M/W+   Age18 basal ganglia,caudate nucle+ weightloss, diarrhea,fever immune system compromised none found antiretroviral therapy injections
176 Hoarding Disorder-Complex 10 million    varies    B+/G    Age 3 pfc, striatum, neuralnetwork restlessness,fidgeting+ double with narcolepsy benign-lowering stress helps benziodiazipines, antidepressants
177 Huntinton's Disease 41thousand  1million   M/W+   Age40 basal ganglia, striatum+ movement,cognition,behavior typically worsens over time currently no cure tetrabemazome.valporate+
178 Hyperkinesis in ADHD 15 million fluctuates    M/F+    Teen secondary visual cortex hallucinations' falling asleep more/other sleep disorders,harmless lower stress antidepressants+
179 Hypersomnia  92thou 407million   varies   Age22 hypothalamus,tharalamus+ excessive daytime sleepiness may worsen over time regular exercise,avoid alchohol stimulants, anti-depressants
180 Hypoactive Sexual Desire   17million 692million     W   Age10 mediall frontal gyrus low testosterone/estrogen varies: lifelong or acquired sex therapy and couples' therapy flibanserin-premenopausal women+
181 Hypochondriasis-Hypochondriac   4million 464million    M/W   Age23 left precuneus,left gyrus+ overly expectant of illness fear and reassurance-seeking mindfulness cognitive therapy antidepressants
182 Hypnagogic Hallucinations   54million 824million    M/F+    Teen sensorycortx,insula,putamen in wake up, maylinkto dream if untreated, gets worse reassurance,changnglifestylefactors mood stabilizers, antipsychotics
183 Hypnopompic Hallucinations 44million 198millife    M/F+   Age16 amygdala,hippocampus,thlm 4 days,less high than bipolar depression, suicide attempts cognitive & family therapies not found
184 Hypomania not possible 10+mill    M/F+    Age 12 hippocampus slurred speech,double vision 4 days, then mania or depression consistent sleep, avoiding stimulants Lithium, Depakote, Lamictal+
185 Impulse Control Disorder   15million 348million   varies   Age11 pfc,insula, basal ganglia+ risky or reckless behaviors tension, pleasure, remorse cycle cognitive behavioral therapy+ stimulants, opioids
186 Inhalants-Episode of Use  2.4miiiion   2million    M+/F    Age 12 pfc,thalamus,hippocampus open paint,noserun,slurring  repeated sniffing=overdose,death individual & familiy therapies+ buprenorphine, methadone
187 Inhalant-Pattern of Use    335thou 101million   varies    Age 17 pfc,thalamus,hippocampus chemocal odors,paint stains dizziness, hallucinations, drowsiness detox, family counseling & support buprenorphine, naltrexone or combo
188 Inalants + Anxiety    300thou  no stats    M/F+    Age 13 pfc.hippocampus+ confusion, poor concentration 36% develop lifetime anxiety disorder deling with cravings&resisting offers benzodiaines.anticonvulsants
189 I nhalants-Delirium no credible statistics    unclear    Age 14 brainstem,cerebellum+ euphoria,slurred speech+ hyperactive,hypoactivr&mixed stages discontinue use&readjustments haloperidol&carbamaepine
190 Inhalants + Mood Disorder not avalable  M/1.5F not available   M/1.5F    Age 22 pfc,mesocorticolibic+myelin temper,irritability,anger t=generalizedanxiety/major epressive supportive care & behavioral therapy benzodiazepines & barbiturates
191 Inhalants + Psychotic Disosder unavailable unavailable    M+/F    Age27 frontal&temporal lobes+ runny nose,nosebleeds tuberculosis, bronchitis,asthma+ cognitive-behavoral therapy+ carbamazepine, L-dopa, amino acids
192 Inhalants' Use Disorder 34.2million unknown   varies    Age15 central nervous system slurred speech,euphoria+ binge, intoxication, withdrawal individual & familiy therapies+ none listed
193 inhalants' Withdrawal   not found not found    M/F+    Age 12 amygdala restlessmess, hogh cravings popular among prisoners applied behavior analysis none specifically approved
194 Insomnia  70million  852million    M/2W    Any thalamus, prefrontal cortex hard to fall or stay asleep may become chronic cognitive behavioral therapy triazolam, estazolam, temazepam+
195 Intellectual Development Disorder   8million 108million   2M/W   birth frontal cortex, cerebellum vary widely chronic and lifelong individualized educational plans cannot treat the disorder itself
196 Intellectual Disability     7.5million 154million   2M/F   Conceptin cerebrum,cerebellum+ significant limitations increasing time online, irritatedifnot talk therapy naltrexone,escitakpprom,bupropion
197 Intermittent Explosive Disorder   14million 416million  2.5M/W   Age12 amygdala,pfc, orbitofrontal+ repeated impulsivd aggressive worsening aggression and distress find triggers,managing emotions+ serotonin uptake inhibtors
198 Internet Addiction Disorder   6million 210million    M+/F Ages15-16pfc, pfc, nucleus accumbens+ poorgrades&sleep,withdrawal worse if 3 time zones flying east adjust lighting or sleep schedules melotonin, hypnotics, caffeine
199 Internet Gaming Disorder  20million  60million   3M/W   Age14 pfc, anterior cingulate cortex preoccupation,unable-reduce significant distress without it The therapy-research is poor. bupropion & escitalopram
200 Intoxication-from Substance Abuse 48.5million 296million   4M/W   Age18 basalganglia,nucleusaccumb+ alcohol is the most-abused none found addiction therapy none found
201 Jet Lag 6 million 441million    M+/F   Age 60 superchiasmatic nucleus tired, drowsy, hard to sleep sleep episodes=days to weeks managing sleep cycles, create safety lithium,intravenous steroids+
202 Kleine-Lein Syndrome 117million 1,000    M+/W   Age 14  hypothalamas, eating & sex hypothalamus,overeating,sex food addiction=5X if food insecure exercise, more sleep+ antidepressants
203 Kleptomania  1.3million  37millionq    M/3W   Age17 pfc,striatum, amygdala+ anticipation,pleasure,guilt can be lifelong with legal problems change triggers from stealing add serotonin to reduce impulses
204 Korsakoff's Syndrome    5million 114million   2M/W   Age55 mammillarybodies,hypothalm cause= thiamine deficiency cannot form new memories Vitamin B1; sobriety. Nutrition+ Vitamin B1-intervenous-to-pill form
205 Language Disorder   26million  91million   1.3B/G    Age4 Broca(speech)Wernicke(comp) hard to find & say right words understanding &writing poorly depends on type of disorder no specific medications
206 Learning Disabilities-Learning Disorder    9million  22million    2B/G    Age8 areas vary by the disability. struggle with alphabet,etc. Earliest interventions help most. individualized instruction no FDA-approved medications
207 Lewy Body Dementia   1.4million  11million   M/W+ Age67.5 multiple brain areas memory loss,fluctuations grenerally, gradual decline cholinesterase inhibitors+ Aricept,Exelon,Reminyl-delay
208 Major Depressive Disorder  34 million 280 million    M/W+   Age 25 amygdala, hippocampus, pfc+ depressedmood,no interest intense mania/return to stability+ cognitive & family therapies lithium, valproic, antipsychotics
209 Major Depressive Episode   21million. 280million  M/1.7W   Age24 pfc, amygdala,hippocampus sadness,hopelessness+ gradually worse, in most cases cognitive-behavioral therapy electroconvulsive therapy
210 Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder 12.6million 331million      M   Age10 orbitofrontal cortex+ lack of sexual thoughts,desires persistent low desire+distress psychotherapy, lifestyle changes testosterone replacement therapy
211 Mania in Bipolar 1.7milann 124million     M/W   Age 19 pfc, amygdala,hippocampus excess joy, quick thoughts+ consistent, chronic, maybe fatal cognitive & psychodynamic therapies antidepressants,pain&sleep meds
212 Medically-Unexplained Physical Symptoms   common not found    M/W+    varies motor cortex, motor control+  weeks/   months of expression potentially disabling re-evaluate medications change medications
213 Medication-Induced Movement Disorders unknown not found    M/W    Age 71 basal ganglia+   tremors, stiffness,slowness potential violence or self-harm cognitive behavioral therapy+ anti-anxiety or antipsychotics
214 Minor Depressive Disorder    42million 682million      M     Age38 pfc,amydala,hippocampus sad mood,loss of pleasure+ increasing severity, major effect cognitive behavioral therapy+ Zoloft. Prozac, Lexapro
215 Morbid/Obsessive Jealousy    728thou notknown   varies    Age 40 frontal lobes, thalamus constant monitoring+ can overshadow real life cognitive bebavioral therapy SSRIs or SNRIs
216 Motor Disorders   40nillion   3billion   varies Ages2-65 motor cortex,basal ganglia+ depends on type of disorder slow-rapid; stabilize or improve physical,occupational,speechtherapies varies by type of disorder
217 Mythomania    no stats unknown    M/W   Age 16 pfc. Limbic-emotional constantlying,fantasticstories development of tolerance, addiction identify triggers,changing routines nicotine replacement therapy
218 Narcissistic Personality Disorder  22million 277million  M1.5/W   Age19 pfc,insula,cingulate cortex inaccurately high self & egos varies  metacognitive interpersonal therapy no FDA-approved medications
219 Narcolepsy   126thou   3million  M/1.3W   Age18 hypothalamus+ daytime sleepy,lose tone+ varies in severity and frequency none found stimulants-methylphrenidate
220 Neuordevelopmental Disorder    5million 317million   4B/G   Age5 cerebellum,pfc,amygdala+ varies by type of difficulty some, permanent; some vary physical, occupational, speech thera stimulants, antipsychotics+
221 Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome 563  12thou 1.47M/W   varies basal ganglia, hypothalamus+ Fatal? Reaction to dopamine blockers within 4-14 days Substitute alternative medications. Stop the antipsychotic medications
222 Nicotine Dependence 23.6million 1.25billion    M/W   Age19 vemtral tegmental area+ cravings, sad, anxious need larger amounts, avoidstopping nicotine gum each two hours NRT and bupropion
223 Nicotine-Harmful Pattern of Use 49 million 1.9billion    M+/W   Age 20 ventral tegmental area+ cravings, inability to stop+ stimulative, then depressive keep nicotine from children activated charcoal, benzodiazepines+
224 Nicotine Intoxication 7.5million imprecise    B+/G  Under 6 pfc, midbrain dopaminergic+ vomiting,stomachache,heart+  strong verbal skills, other deficits cognitive beharvioral therapy+ memantine
225 Nicotine Withdrawal   20million 250million    M/W+   Age13 dorsolateralpfc,cingulategyrus cravings,instability,hungry "Cold Turkey" more likely to work. water, sweat,exercise,sauna varenicline pills
226 Night-Eating Syndrome   5million 117million   M/W    Age25 hypothalamus,circadianrhythm 25+% of daily calories eaten changes "circadian rhythm" core psuchotherapy behavior changes sertaline
227 Nonverbal Learning Disorder   2.5million 80million     B/G  Under 18 partial temporal&frontallobe social, motor&spatial harm gradual onset, often worsening+ exposure & response prevention increasing serotonin to lift moods
228 Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Self-Harm  4.2million 272million M/1.5W   Age13 weaker putamin connector pain-control less active poor emotional regulation Dialectical Behavior therapy+ none found
229 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder    3million 162million   varies   varies orbitofrontal cortex+ M+ as a child /W as adults high blood pressure, heart failure+ Delay compulsive actions 15-minutes modafinil & armodifinil
230 Obsessive-Compulsive Personality   20million 530million   M+/W   Age19 Smallhippocampus/amygdala too orderly,work-focused+ rigidity, depression+ Explor insecurities & past experience serotonin and mood stabilizers
231 Obstructive Sleep Apnea 21 million 1.3billion    M5/W    Age 40 hippocampus, frontal lobe" airway block, snoring, gasping chronic stress & possible withdrawal exposure & response prevenrion SSRIs or clomipramine
232 Olfactory Reference Syndrome 40 million    60illion    varies    Age 21 olfactorybulb,piriformcortex+ Imagined personal odor  Bridge device-reduces fear&anxiety methadrone,buprenorphine+ sertaline,paroxtine,fluoxetine+
233 Oneirophrenia No longer considered a diagnosis on its own; it is usually part of other conditions.                
234 Opioid Dependence 5.5million 39.5million    M+/F    Age 25 ventrel tegmenal,nucaccumbus "988" blocked inquiry "988" blocked inquiry "988" b.ocked inquiry. naloxone,  
235 Opioid Intoxication impossible impossible    varies   elderly brainstem,basal ganglia, libic pinpoint pupils,unconscious+ stops  breathing immediate action needed naloxone
236 Opioid-Pattern of Harmful Use  7.8million 40.5million     M2.5/F    Age 17 prelimbic cortex to compulsion snorting opioids 70% of "snorting" moves to "injecting" cognitice-behavioral therapy+ buprenorphine, methadone+
237 Opioid-Induced Anxiety unavailable impossible    M+/F  any age extended amygdala,stria+ disproportional worry or fear+ opioids and anxiety become co-morbid cognitive-behavioral therap+ methadone & bprenorphine
238 Opioid-Induced delirium  no database no number  varies      Age 65 feontal & pfc, amygdala, hippo hypo & hyperactive delirium dose-amount-dependent delirium reduce or discontinue the opioid adjust the specific opioid and dosage
239 Opioid-Induced Mood Disorder    644thou difficult    M/W+    Age 15+ limbics.pfc&basal ganglia low &helpless mood,irritable greater risk of depression relapse-prevention therapy+ buprenorphine&methadone+
240 Opioid-Induced Psychotic Disorder "988" blocked inquiry      M3/W    Age 33 pfc,basalganglia,amygala+ pain-relief & euphoria incapacitating dependence detox,counseling, support groups methadone oe buprenorphine+
241 Opioid Overdose  79m-died 115m-died  2.5M/W   Age20 brainstem,limbic system breathing slows may cause unconsciousness/death Support breathing. Give naloxone.
242 Opioid Use Disorder  25million unknown   varies   Age16   also:cerebellum+ craving, inability to control recurring, ignoring other needs Sublocade-buprenorphine-released methadone,buprenorphine,naltrexon
243 Opioid Withdrawal  not found  not found   M/W+ not found amygdala&nucleu accumbens "988" blocked inquiry auditory hallucinations+ cognitive behavioral therapy "988" did not allow research.
244 Oppositional Defiant Disorder    15million 73million  3M/W    Age7 pfc,amygdala,orbitofrontal+ defiant,irritable,vindictive some outgrow; some worsen With intervention, over in 3 years stimulants, antipsychotics+
245 Orthorexia Nervosa   3million 300million   M/3W unknown frontal,parietal,temoral,lobe+ food anxieties,isolation malnourishment,poor life quality+ learning to trust the body's signals serotonin,antipsychotics
246 Pain Disorder  60million  2billion   M/5W   varies pfc,anterior cingulate,cortex+ most of the brain's systems alters brain structure & function  exercise, heat/cold packs+ Tylenol, Advil, Motrin
247 Panic Disorder   16million 138million    M/2W   varies amygdala,brainstem,insula+ rapid heartbeat, shortbreath may be regular, person isolates cognitive-behavioral,exposure+ serotonin,benzodiazepines
248 Paraphilic Disorder   55million  2billion   3M/W   Age20 orbitofrontal cortex+ intense sexual fantasies+ varies cognitive-behavioral therapy serotonin, antiandrogens
249 Paraphrenia (Delusions/No hallucinations) not found 16million    M/3W    Age 60 hippcampus,entorhinalcortx delusions & hallucinations chronic delusions&hallucinations cognitive behavioral therapy antipsychotic medications
250 Parkinson's Disease   1million  12million 1.75M/W   Age60 basal ganglia+   depression, cognitive down affects movement, balance+ deep brain stimulation surgery levodopa, dopamine agonists
251 Parkinson's Disease-Related Disorders 1.3million millions   1.2M/W   Age 65 basal ganglia.cortex.cerebellum  tremors,rigidity,slownesss+ severe disabiltiy,dementia,full care tai chi,acupuncture levodopa, dopamine agonists
252 Partialism  unknown  unknown   M+/W   varies temporal,frontal lobes,senory sex with a body part fetish The fetish may cause distress. teach to manage resulting distress decrease sex drive and urges
253 Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder  unknown  unknown  not kept unknown pfc,amygdala,corpuscallosum DSM-5 not a diagnosis now hostility, conflict, resentment cognitive behavioral therapy none-specifically available
254 Pathological Gambling  2.5million  80million   M2/W   Age27 pfc.ventralstriatum,insula Irritable to cut down; escape working, losing, desperation stages counseling sessions nalmefene, naltrexone
255 Pedophilia  not found  not found  9M/F   Age21 hippocampus,thalamus,amyg Pedophiles"wired"child sex. none found "androgen deprivation therapy" lighium,valporate,carbamazepine
256  Persistent Depressive Disorder    3.8 million 235million   M /2W    Age 21 amyfdala, hippocampus;pfcort depressed mood-two years+ major depression, suicidal thoughts talk therapy, exploring your issues serotonin & norepinephrine antideprsnts
257 Persistent Complex Breavement Disorder   17million 570million   M/3W   varies heart extra muscle tension 6 months yearning/deceased Grief must be consiously released. complicated grief therapy no specific ADA approved
258 Pervasive Communication Disorder Outdated term for "autism spectrum disorder."           significant distress in socializing dialectical behavior therapy+ opioids,ibuprofen,acetaminophen
259 Personality Disorder   32 million 659million  varies     Age 40 amygdala.hippocampus,pfc+ inflexibility,unhealthythinking 75% gone or pain lower after 2 years physical therapy+ antidepressants, antipsychotics+
260 Phencyclidine-PCP-Related Disorder   183thou unknown   2M/W   Age25 pfc,ventral tegmental,accumb affectswalking,talking,etc. self-harm from numbness,hallucins encourage drug-free lifestyle ketamine, similar, fewer side effects
261 Phantom Limb Syndrome   1.6million 234milann   M+/F      varies somatosensory&motorcortex craving, physical dependence limiting one's life experiences exposure (to a feared item)therapy tricyclic antidepressants
262 Phobias-Specific Phobias 19.3million 609million   M/2.5F    Age 16 amygdala,insula,pfc,acc extra fear, avoidance,distress many severe, long-term effects tapering down usages none found
263 Phonological (Speech Sounds) Disorder  2.7million 187million   2B/G    birth superior&inferior gyri,lobule+ not process&producedsounds may resolve, or speech/language+ therapists have multiple approaches medication is only for severe cases
264 Pica-Eating (Non-Nutrient Foods)   7million not known    B/G    Age1 several, dysfunctional  children,pregnant women +, low can become more severe underlying nutritional deficiencies? no FDA-approved medications
265 Post--Traumatic Embitterment Disorder   8.5million 204million   M/W  any age pfc, amygdala,hippocampus flashbacks,avoidance+ not all traumas produce this wisdom competence therapy no FDA-approved medications
266 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder 105million 318million   M/2W+   varies amygdala,hippocampus,pfc+ Sex violence affects women reduced emotional control prolonged exposure,stress inoculatn serotonin, antidepressants
267 Premature Ejaculation   5million 1.2billion      M   Age23 amygdala,insula,frontalgyrus Within 1 minute/penetration Lifelong prematurity may worsen.  squeeze, stop-start, counseling serotonin, tramadol,anaesthetics
268 Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder  8.5million 31million      W   Age26 amygdala,insula,pfc+ severe premenstrualdistress may interfere 1-2 weeks premens cognitive behavioral therapy serotonin, contraceptives+
269 Psychotic Disorder-Psychosis   9million 201million  1.4M/W   Age22 pfc,tamporal lobes+ delusions & hallucinations 3phases:prodromal,acute,recovery cognitive behavioral therapy antipsychotics,electronvulsion
270 Pyromania Under3mil Und81mil   9M/W   Age18 pfc,amygdala,cingulatecortex preoccupiedwith setting fire more frequent and destructive therapies, fire safety education+ no FDA-approved medications
271 Reactive Attachment Disorder    5million 122million   1.5B/G   Age3 left primary visual cortex+ low contact,responsiveness can be withdrawn or overly friendly attachment-based or play therapy+ antidepressants or antipsychotics
272 Reading Disorder   53million 730million   2M/W   Age4  left-hemisphere of the brain+ difficulty decoding&avoiding stops learning reading skills multi-sensory intensive instruction methlphridate,atomoxetine
273 Relational Disorder   18million unknown   unclear unknown pfc,amygdala,hippocampus+  not a formal diagnosis difficulty in person and romance psychodynamic therapy no FDA-approved medications
274 Restless Legs Syndrome   12million 490million   M/2W   Age43 thalamus,cerebellum,ganglia irresistible urge to move gradually worsen with age exercise,avoid caffeine & alcohol dopamine agonists,low-dose opioids
275 Sadistic Personality Disorder  27million 81million   5M/W   varies amygdala,insula,accumbens cruel behavior, no remorse no longer a separate diagnosis anger management,social skills no specific medications, antidepr
276 Schizoaffective Disorder   1million 24million  M/2W   Age23 temporal,frontal lobes+ schizophrenia+mooddisrdr may become psychotic coping skills & daily functioning antipsychotics: risperidone+
277 Schizoid Personality Disorder   10million Under81m   M+/W   Age22 temporal,frontal lobes+ low social, emotional+ prefers solitude,emotional cold cognitive behavioral+ prozac, lexapro, cymbalta
278 Schizophrenia  3million 24million  M1.4/W   Age22 pfc,temporal loges+ delusions & hallucinations disorganized speech&behavior cognitive, family, social skills antipsychotics block dopamine
279 Schizophreniform Disorder  2.8million 24million    M/W   Age24frontal cortex,temporallobe+   lasts one to six months many develop schizophrenia psycho & family therapies antipsychotics
280 Schizotypal Personality Disorder 13million 317million   M+/W   Age19  temporal&frontal lobes+ may claim an extra power may resolve;some schizophrenic cognitive & dialectical, skills antipsychotics
281 Selective Mutism 129thou 73million M/2.2W    Age3 amygdala,pfc,motorareas triggered unable to talk social avoidance, broader anxiety helps child learn how to cope serotonin and antidepressants
282 Separation Anxiety Disorder  17million 407million M/W+   15mnth amygdala, medial pfc psyiological & emotional school refusal,headaches,stomach challenge negative thoughts+ no FDA-approved medications
283 Sexual Masochism Dsorder 10million+ unknown  M+/W Age19.3 parietal operculum,insula+ suffer from sex, 6 months severity and danger increase cognitive behavioral therapy medications to reduce sex drive
284 Sexual Sadism Disorder   30million 244million   M+/W  Age19.4 amygdala,nsula,striatum+ arousal,non-consentingl chronic, increasing severity psychotherapy medications to reduce sex drive
285 "SHA" below means induced by sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic drugs, taken either by prescription or illegally.                  
286 SHA-Dependence  2.3million unclear   M/W+   Age13 pfc, basal ganglia, amygdala withdrawal-tremors+ tolerance & dose escalation cognitive behavioral therapy medically-superviseddrug-tapering,
287 SHA-Episode of Harmful Use  2;2million not found    M/F+    Age 12 nucleus addumbens,striatum+ craving,euphoria,nausea+ memory loss,depression, liver failure none found flumazenil, diazepam
288 SHA-harmful pattern of use 1.6million 178million    M/F+    Age 14 slow the neurotransmitters+  none found becomes a masochistic personality  self-care and mindfulness used none specifically approved
289 SHA-Dependence  2.2million notpossible   M/F+    Age 18 anxiety,insomnia,nausea+ cravings blurredvision, tremor medical complications including death medication management to withdrawal   benzodiazepines
290 SHA-Induced Anxiety  12million 359million     M/F1.5      Age 12 gamma-aminobutyfic (GABA} slurred speech, coordination+ Impaired coordination, drowsiness+ detoxification&psychotherapy antidepressangt,antihistaminesa+
291 SHA-Induced Mood Disorder 2.2million  53million    M/F+      Any amygdala ,hippocampus,pfc symptoms vary varies  by type of substance detoxify with physician guidance depends on the cause(es)
292 SHA-Induced Psychotic Disorder 1.2million  34million    M3/F  Age 19.5 striatum.,pfc, temporal lobes+ hallucinations , delusions+ chronic schizophrenia remove the drug causing the anxiety based on type of substance used
293 SHA- Intoxication 19 Million   40million     M/W    Age 18 cerebellum, pfc,basal gamglia slurred speech, confusion  preoccupation,anticipation+ monitoring for 2-7 days 30-60mg ofphenobarbital, each 1-2hrs
294 SHA Withdrawal 9 million   40million    M/W    Age 18 amygdala,basal ganglia,hypoyh anxiety,insomnia,vomiting+ discomfort,anxiety,insomnia,irritable vsrieddiet goodcarbohydrates,proteins+ no specific medications approved
295 Self-Defeating Personality Disorder  unknown 412million    M/W     Age 7 pfc,orbito-dorsolateralfrontal obstructhappiness&fulfillmnt reject help,undermine positive events+ find the root;cognitive behavioral thpy no specific medications approved
296 Sensory Processing Disorder 12million 865million    4M/F   Age 4.5 parieto-occipital-whitematter clumsiness,less responsive+ spinning,stabilizing body,clumsiness ccupational therapy: adapting stmuli F=Addyi, Vyleesi;M=Viagra, Cialis
297 Sexual Arousal Disorder-Male or Female   39million 1.2billion     M/F    Age 55 gaba insuffient famale lubrication less interest,initiation or pleasure+ pelvic floor physical therapy+ M=Viagra, Cialis; W=Addyl, Vtleesi
298 Sexual Dysfunction 10million+ 2 billion     M+/F   varies hypothalmus, amygdala, pfc lack of interest, arrousal+ physical&psychological factors=rigid sex therapy:talk, homework,focus+ anti-testosterone medications
299  Sexual Masochism Disorder  8 million unknown    M2/F    Age 19 opercular cortex, insula, acc+ intense arousal & distress+ significant distress or harm for one antiandrogen medication, serotonin anti-testoaterone medications
300 Sexual Sadism Disorder     5million unavailable    M+/W not found amygdala, anterior insula+ arousal from watching pain significant shame, anxiety or guilt cognitive behavioral therapy antipsychotics
301 Shared Delusional Disorder     2million 1.7million   M/1.6F   Age 49 frontal lobe:pfc & acc, insula+ also called "folie-a-deux"  may damage work & social needs chronotherapy,bright-light therapy melotonin, vitamin B-12
302 Sleep-Advanced-Sleep Phase Disorder    9million 264million     M/F     Age 65 suprachiasmic nucleus+ eveningsleep&wakeup early mild, moderate,severe pauses/hour CPAP or  BIPAP, nasal surgery theophylline or aminophylline
303 Sleep Apnea   30million 936million    2M/W    Age 40 hippocampus, cerebellum + pauses in breathing, shallow individual, not one "best" treatment individual-not one best treatment modafinil and low-sodium oxybate
304 Sleep-Idiopathic Hypersomnia    86thou 848,000    M+/F    Age 20 medialprefrontalcortex+ daytimesleepy,hardwake-up+ obesity,diabetes,cardiovasculAR+  cognitive behavior therapy+ SonatA,Ambien,Intermezzo+
305 Sleep-Insufficient Sleep  155million 1.6 billion    M/F+  4 months  pfc, amygdala, hippocampus lessthan 7 hoursis insufficient depends on the type of delay bright light, morning light+ melotonin, modafinil
306 Irregular Sleep-Awake Rhythm Disorder   1.3million 247million    M+/Fm     Age 20 hypothalamus,brainstem+ leads to daytime impairments sleep  deprivation, daytime limits advance internal clock, sleep hygiene melatonin, ramelteon
307 Sleep -Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder  31million 665million     M/F    Age 20 suprachiasmatic nucleus+ hard falling asleep or wake up dream-actions may be violent can be in Parkinson's/Lewy Bodies' Clonazepam, Melotonin,Pramipexole
308 Sleep Night Terrors Disorder   7million 120million    M+/W    Age3 anterior cingulate cortex+ screaming awake,rapid heart+ mostly outgrown by teenage years stress reduction techniqaues+ benzodiazepines, antidepressants+
309 Sleep-Nightmare Disorder   13million 326million   M/W+   Age4.5 amygdala,hippocampus+ frequent ages 3-5 mostly outgrown by age 10 l,agery rehearsaltherapy-rewrite+ prazosin,antipsychotics
310 Sleep-Non-Rapid Eye Movement Disorder  not clear  not clear   varies   Age50 thalamus,cortex,hypothalamus incomplete awakenings   may develop Lewy bodies/Parkinsons safer sleep environment+ melotonin, benzodiazepines+
311 Sleep-Parasomnia    34million  not known   4M/W   varies brainstem,sleepwalking+ sleepwalking,sleeptalking sleep paralysis, bedwetting+ mindfulness,muscle relaxation benzodiazepines, antidepressants+
312 Sleep-Rapid Eye MovementBehaviorDisrdr    44 million 80 million    5M/W    Age 60 brainstem,pontine tegment+ acting out dreams physically hard on friendships emotions,school speech and language therapy  no specific medications
313 Sleep-Related Hypoventilation   452thou  1billion    M+/W   varies medulla,pons,cerebellum+ Most are due to sleep apnea. may become chronic-organ failures manage obesity, bipap or cpap acetazolamide,theophylline
314 Sleepwalking Disorder  10million 570million    M/W   Age3 motor and visual cortexes eyes closed or open, mumble a few up to 30 minutes, no memory secure the premises, prevent falls benzodiazepines, antidepressants+
315 Social Anxiety Disorder   15million 300million    M/W+   Age13 amygdala,pfc fear of judgment,avoidance+ must learn fears are unfounded cognitive-behavior therapy,relaxation serotonin, beta-blockers
316 Social Communciation Disorder   unclear unclear   2.5B/G    Age5 amygdala,pfc,insula+ difficult social interactions+ may not understand expecations+ speech therapy; social skills+ no specific medications  
317 Sociopathy-Antisocial Personality Disrdr   7million 163million    3M/W    Age18 orbitofrontal cortex+ disregard rights and feelings no senses of remorse cognitive behavioraltherapy+ mood stabilizers, antipsychotics+
318 Somatic Symptom Disorder 20.5million 489million   M/10W   Age30 pfc,insula,anterior cingulate+ medically unexplained sympt typically chronic & persistent+ cognitive behavioral therapy antidepressants or anti-anxiety
319 Somatization Disorder  85 million 33 million     M/10F    Age 29 pfc, somatosensory corteex+ Unconsciously-producedpain+ with help, challenges are managed skills improvement, giving support+ no specific medications
320 Specific Learning Disorder   10 million 220million   1.2B/G    Age 7.5 brain areas' interconnections elementary school challenges mild,intermitent/severe,persistent speech therapy techniques+ no specific approved medications
321 Specific Phobia  19million 814million   M/W+    Age9 amygdala,insula,pfc+ anxiety,avoidance,terror risks other serious anxiety disorders exposure,relaxation,cognitive thers benzodiazepines, beta-blockers
322 Spouse Abuse & Neglect 116million 736million    M/W+    Age15 amygdala,hippocampus+ screaming,weardownsanity checking excessively,isolating victim cognitive behavior therapy+ none found
323 Stereotypic Movement Disorder 2.6million 77million    2B/G Before 3 pfc,ganglia,supplementmotor handflap, rock,head bang  Head bang can be permanent. habit reversal training+ antipsychotics,serotonin
324 Stimulant Intoxication 100thoudth unknown   M+/W   Age17 neurotransmitters confusion,hypervigilance+ cardio & stroke risk,sleep deprivationo sedation and observation+ no medications are available
325 Stimulant-Related Disorder 4.5million 35million   M+/W   Age17 cortex & limbic system cardiovascular problems+ paths vary by stimulant contingency management therapy+ no FDA-approved medications
326 Stockholm Syndrome 8%hostages unknown  unknown   varies amygdala,pfc,hippocampus positive to captors negative to authority addressing underlying trauma no specific medications
327 Stuttering  5 million  80 million     4M/F     Age 30 Broca's area, auditory cortex+ repeat,prolong,block sounds 75% of addicts ultimately recover cognitive-behavioral therapy depends what abusive substance
328 Substance-Induced Disorder 7400 400million     5M/F    Age 25 basal ganglia, amygdala, pfc alcohol abuse is included. 100,000 deaths/suicides per year only 1 in 7 receive treatment buprenophine,methadone,naltrexone
329 Substance Intoxication 860,000  not found    2M/W  Age14.5 cerebral cortex  alcohol depresses inhibition making a plan, withdrawing, risks+ cognitive, behavioral therapy methadone,buprenorphine,naltrexon
330 Substance-Related Disorder 48.5million 400million   M+/W   Age17 nucleus accumbens,striatum+ cravings,distorted thinking cravings,withdrawal symptoms coun seling+ buprenorphine,methadrone,naltrexone
331 Substance Withdrawal  30 million  not found     M+/W not found extended amygdala nausea, vomiting,diarrhoea+ a plan,withdrawal,risk-taking+ cognitive behavioral-suicide prevents clozapine, lithium, ketamine+
332 Suicidal Behavior Disorder 48thoudied 703mdied  unclear   Age10 left temporal lobe(thoughts) make a plan, withdrawal looking for lethal means+ psychotherapy, family therapy+ lithium, clozapine
333  Suicide Risk Based on Other Factors 128,000 720,000    4M/W   Age 15 pfc,acc,insula,basal ganglia+ sadness; anxiety,less energy child-falls, mid-auto,fight,  old-falls physical,occupational,speech,mind anticonvulants, antidepressants+
334 Tardive Dyskinesia   600thou unknown   M/W+   Age55 basal ganglia,caudate nucle+ involuntary muscle tension can get worse over time deep brain stimulation surgery antipsychotics,benzodiazepines+
335 Tic Disorders  4.4million unknown   B+/G   Age6 ganglia,thalamus,motorcort blink,eye roll,head jerk+ start age 5;peak,11;then improve habit reversal therapy+ antipsychotics,botulinum toxin+
336 Tobacco-Related Disorders 480thoudie 7mil died  unclear   Age28 pfc,insula,nucleusaccumben+ overwhelming want to use lung,heart,gum diseases,cancers behavioral counseling-cessation buproprion,varenicline
337 Tourette's Syndrome  1.4million 16.5milln  3.5B/G Under18 gangla,thalamus,cerebellum+ sensory,motor,vocal tics+ Some people's tics may distract less. habit reversal, relaxation technique haloperidol,risperidone+
338 Transvestic Disorder  7.6million Under124      M   Age12 parietal lobe.limbic system arousal from cross-dressing may still prefer their own gender psychotherapy & support groups serotonin
339 Traumatic Brain Injury 2.5mil-ann 21millann    M+/W     varies frontal,motor,tamporal+ confusion,memory problems how extensive was the injury physical,occupational,speechtherapies analgesics, opioids,anticonvulsants
340 Trichtillomania  3.7million  60million      W   Age12 striatum,pfc,anteriorcing+ hair pulling, then relief increasing intensity-patches,scars+  cognitive behavioral therapy antidepressants, antipsychotics+
341 Truman Syndrome no number no number  M/2W     Age25 sriatum,pfc,amygdala+ not a recognized diagnosis feels being watched,manipulated psychohtherapy antipsychotics for delusions
342 Vaginismus   7.7million 1.6billion       W Age 17.5 hippocampus, amygdala tightening vaginal muscles vaginal penetration prohibited physical & dilator therapies+ lidocaine cream, Botox, anxiolytics
343 Vascular Neurocognitive Disorder  2.7million  20million   M+/W   Age65 frontal and parietal lobes+ slow processing, memory+ worsens in suddden steps+ cognitive stimulation,speechtherapy no FDA-approved medications
345 Video Game Addiction   17million 106million  2.9M/W   Age 18 pfc, straitum, amygdala preoccupation,withdrawal+ unable to reduce playing time cognitive behavioral therapy+ "988" did not allow search.
346 Voyeuristic Disorder  27million unknown   M3/W   Age15 no studies were found persistent arousal viewing unable to think of other activities cognitive behavioral therapy+ antiandrogen to lower sex drive